The Astrophysical Journal Letters (Jan 2024)
The JWST Early Release Science Program for Direct Observations of Exoplanetary Systems. V. Do Self-consistent Atmospheric Models Represent JWST Spectra? A Showcase with VHS 1256–1257 b
- Simon Petrus,
- Niall Whiteford,
- Polychronis Patapis,
- Beth A. Biller,
- Andrew Skemer,
- Sasha Hinkley,
- Genaro Suárez,
- Paulina Palma-Bifani,
- Caroline V. Morley,
- Pascal Tremblin,
- Benjamin Charnay,
- Johanna M. Vos,
- Jason J. Wang,
- Jordan M. Stone,
- Mickaël Bonnefoy,
- Gaël Chauvin,
- Brittany E. Miles,
- Aarynn L. Carter,
- Anna Lueber,
- Christiane Helling,
- Ben J. Sutlieff,
- Markus Janson,
- Eileen C. Gonzales,
- Kielan K. W. Hoch,
- Olivier Absil,
- William O. Balmer,
- Anthony Boccaletti,
- Mariangela Bonavita,
- Mark Booth,
- Brendan P. Bowler,
- Zackery W. Briesemeister,
- Marta L. Bryan,
- Per Calissendorff,
- Faustine Cantalloube,
- Christine H. Chen,
- Elodie Choquet,
- Valentin Christiaens,
- Gabriele Cugno,
- Thayne Currie,
- Camilla Danielski,
- Matthew De Furio,
- Trent J. Dupuy,
- Samuel M. Factor,
- Jacqueline K. Faherty,
- Michael P. Fitzgerald,
- Jonathan J. Fortney,
- Kyle Franson,
- Julien H. Girard,
- Carol A. Grady,
- Thomas Henning,
- Dean C. Hines,
- Callie E. Hood,
- Alex R. Howe,
- Paul Kalas,
- Jens Kammerer,
- Grant M. Kennedy,
- Matthew A. Kenworthy,
- Pierre Kervella,
- Minjae Kim,
- Daniel Kitzmann,
- Adam L. Kraus,
- Masayuki Kuzuhara,
- Pierre-Olivier Lagage,
- Anne-Marie Lagrange,
- Kellen Lawson,
- Cecilia Lazzoni,
- Jarron M. Leisenring,
- Ben W. P. Lew,
- Michael C. Liu,
- Pengyu Liu,
- Jorge Llop-Sayson,
- James P. Lloyd,
- Bruce Macintosh,
- Mathilde Mâlin,
- Elena Manjavacas,
- Sebastián Marino,
- Mark S. Marley,
- Christian Marois,
- Raquel A. Martinez,
- Elisabeth C. Matthews,
- Brenda C. Matthews,
- Dimitri Mawet,
- Johan Mazoyer,
- Michael W. McElwain,
- Stanimir Metchev,
- Michael R. Meyer,
- Maxwell A. Millar-Blanchaer,
- Paul Mollière,
- Sarah E. Moran,
- Sagnick Mukherjee,
- Eric Pantin,
- Marshall D. Perrin,
- Laurent Pueyo,
- Sascha P. Quanz,
- Andreas Quirrenbach,
- Shrishmoy Ray,
- Isabel Rebollido,
- Jea Adams Redai,
- Bin B. Ren,
- Emily Rickman,
- Steph Sallum,
- Matthias Samland,
- Benjamin Sargent,
- Joshua E. Schlieder,
- Karl R. Stapelfeldt,
- Motohide Tamura,
- Xianyu Tan,
- Christopher A. Theissen,
- Taichi Uyama,
- Malavika Vasist,
- Arthur Vigan,
- Kevin Wagner,
- Kimberly Ward-Duong,
- Schuyler G. Wolff,
- Kadin Worthen,
- Mark C. Wyatt,
- Marie Ygouf,
- Alice Zurlo,
- Xi Zhang,
- Keming Zhang,
- Zhoujian Zhang,
- Yifan Zhou
Affiliations
- Simon Petrus
- ORCiD
- Núcleo Milenio Formacíon Planetaria—NPF, Universidad de Valparaíso , Av. Gran Bretaña 1111, Valparaíso, Chile ; [email protected]; Millennium Nucleus on Young Exoplanets and their Moons (YEMS) , Chile; Departamento de Física, Universidad de Santiago de Chile , Av. Victor Jara 3659, Santiago, Chile
- Niall Whiteford
- ORCiD
- Department of Astrophysics, American Museum of Natural History , Central Park West at 79th Street, New York, NY 10034, USA
- Polychronis Patapis
- ORCiD
- Institute of Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zurich , Wolfgang-Pauli-Str. 27, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Beth A. Biller
- ORCiD
- Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, Institute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh , Blackford Hill, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, UK; Centre for Exoplanet Science, University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, UK
- Andrew Skemer
- ORCiD
- University of California Santa Cruz , Santa Cruz, CA, USA
- Sasha Hinkley
- ORCiD
- University of Exeter , Astrophysics Group, Physics Building, Stocker Road, Exeter, EX4 4QL, UK
- Genaro Suárez
- ORCiD
- Department of Astrophysics, American Museum of Natural History , Central Park West at 79th Street, New York, NY 10034, USA
- Paulina Palma-Bifani
- ORCiD
- Laboratoire Lagrange, Université Cote d’Azur , CNRS, Observatoire de la Cote d’Azur, 06304 Nice, France; LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Univ PSL , CNRS, Sorbonne Univ, Univ de Paris, 5 place Jules Janssen, 92195 Meudon, France
- Caroline V. Morley
- ORCiD
- University of Texas at Austin , 2515 Speedway, Austin, TX 78712, USA
- Pascal Tremblin
- ORCiD
- Maison de la Simulation, CEA, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay , F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Benjamin Charnay
- ORCiD
- LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Univ PSL , CNRS, Sorbonne Univ, Univ de Paris, 5 place Jules Janssen, 92195 Meudon, France
- Johanna M. Vos
- ORCiD
- Department of Astrophysics, American Museum of Natural History , Central Park West at 79th Street, New York, NY 10034, USA; School of Physics, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin , Dublin 2, Ireland
- Jason J. Wang
- ORCiD
- Center for Interdisciplinary Exploration and Research in Astrophysics (CIERA) and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University , Evanston, IL 60208, USA; Department of Astronomy, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- Jordan M. Stone
- ORCiD
- Naval Research Laboratory , Remote Sensing Division, 4555 Overlook Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA
- Mickaël Bonnefoy
- ORCiD
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes , CNRS, IPAG, F-38000 Grenoble, France
- Gaël Chauvin
- ORCiD
- Laboratoire Lagrange, Université Cote d’Azur , CNRS, Observatoire de la Cote d’Azur, 06304 Nice, France
- Brittany E. Miles
- ORCiD
- University of California Santa Cruz , Santa Cruz, CA, USA
- Aarynn L. Carter
- ORCiD
- University of California Santa Cruz , Santa Cruz, CA, USA
- Anna Lueber
- ORCiD
- LMU Munich, Faculty of Physics, University Observatory , Scheinerstr. 1, Munich D-81679, Germany; University of Bern , Center for Space and Habitability, Gesellschaftsstrasse 6, CH-3012, Bern, Switzerland
- Christiane Helling
- ORCiD
- Space Research Institute , Austrian Academy of Sciences, Schmiedlstrasse 6, 8042, Graz, Austria; Centre for Exoplanet Science, School of Physics & Astronomy, University of St Andrews , North Haugh, St Andrews, KY169SS, UK; Institute for Theoretical Physics and Computational Physics, Graz University of Technology , Petersgasse16/II, 8010, Graz, Austria
- Ben J. Sutlieff
- ORCiD
- Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, Institute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh , Blackford Hill, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, UK; Centre for Exoplanet Science, University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, UK
- Markus Janson
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, Stockholm University , AlbaNova University Center, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
- Eileen C. Gonzales
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, San Francisco State University , 1600 Holloway Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA; Department of Astronomy and Carl Sagan Institute, Cornell University , 122 Sciences Drive, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- Kielan K. W. Hoch
- ORCiD
- Space Telescope Science Institute , Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Olivier Absil
- ORCiD
- STAR Institute, Université de Liège , Allée du Six Août 19c, 4000 Liège, Belgium
- William O. Balmer
- ORCiD
- Space Telescope Science Institute , Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Department of Physics & Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University , 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Anthony Boccaletti
- ORCiD
- LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Univ PSL , CNRS, Sorbonne Univ, Univ de Paris, 5 place Jules Janssen, 92195 Meudon, France
- Mariangela Bonavita
- ORCiD
- School of Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics, The Open University , Walton Hall, Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA, UK
- Mark Booth
- ORCiD
- UK Astronomy Technology Centre , Royal Observatory Edinburgh, Blackford Hill, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, UK
- Brendan P. Bowler
- ORCiD
- University of Texas at Austin , 2515 Speedway, Austin, TX 78712, USA
- Zackery W. Briesemeister
- ORCiD
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center , Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
- Marta L. Bryan
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, 501 Campbell Hall, University of California Berkeley , Berkeley, CA 94720-3411, USA
- Per Calissendorff
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, University of Michigan , 1085 South University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48103, USA
- Faustine Cantalloube
- ORCiD
- Aix Marseille Univ , CNRS, CNES, LAM, Marseille, France
- Christine H. Chen
- ORCiD
- Space Telescope Science Institute , Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Department of Physics & Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University , 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Elodie Choquet
- ORCiD
- Aix Marseille Univ , CNRS, CNES, LAM, Marseille, France
- Valentin Christiaens
- ORCiD
- STAR Institute, Université de Liège , Allée du Six Août 19c, 4000 Liège, Belgium
- Gabriele Cugno
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, University of Michigan , 1085 South University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48103, USA
- Thayne Currie
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Texas-San Antonio , 1 UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX, USA; Subaru Telescope, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan , 650 North A‘ohōkū Place, Hilo, HI 96720, USA
- Camilla Danielski
- ORCiD
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía , CSIC, Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n, 18008, Granada, Spain
- Matthew De Furio
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, University of Michigan , 1085 South University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48103, USA
- Trent J. Dupuy
- ORCiD
- Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, Institute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh , Blackford Hill, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, UK
- Samuel M. Factor
- ORCiD
- University of Texas at Austin , 2515 Speedway, Austin, TX 78712, USA
- Jacqueline K. Faherty
- ORCiD
- Department of Astrophysics, American Museum of Natural History , Central Park West at 79th Street, New York, NY 10034, USA
- Michael P. Fitzgerald
- ORCiD
- University of California , Los Angeles, 430 Portola Plaza, Box 951547, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1547, USA
- Jonathan J. Fortney
- ORCiD
- University of California Santa Cruz , Santa Cruz, CA, USA
- Kyle Franson
- ORCiD
- University of Texas at Austin , 2515 Speedway, Austin, TX 78712, USA
- Julien H. Girard
- ORCiD
- Space Telescope Science Institute , Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Carol A. Grady
- ORCiD
- Eureka Scientific , 2452 Delmer Street, Suite 1, Oakland, CA 96402, USA
- Thomas Henning
- ORCiD
- Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie , Königstuhl 17, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Dean C. Hines
- ORCiD
- Space Telescope Science Institute , Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Callie E. Hood
- ORCiD
- University of California Santa Cruz , Santa Cruz, CA, USA
- Alex R. Howe
- ORCiD
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center , Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
- Paul Kalas
- ORCiD
- Center for Interdisciplinary Exploration and Research in Astrophysics (CIERA) and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University , Evanston, IL 60208, USA; Department of Astronomy, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- Jens Kammerer
- ORCiD
- Space Telescope Science Institute , Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; European Southern Observatory , Karl-Schwarzschild-Str. 2, 85748, Garching, Germany
- Grant M. Kennedy
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick , Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
- Matthew A. Kenworthy
- ORCiD
- Leiden Observatory, Leiden University , P.O. Box 9513, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
- Pierre Kervella
- ORCiD
- LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Univ PSL , CNRS, Sorbonne Univ, Univ de Paris, 5 place Jules Janssen, 92195 Meudon, France
- Minjae Kim
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick , Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
- Daniel Kitzmann
- ORCiD
- University of Bern , Center for Space and Habitability, Gesellschaftsstrasse 6, CH-3012, Bern, Switzerland
- Adam L. Kraus
- ORCiD
- University of Texas at Austin , 2515 Speedway, Austin, TX 78712, USA
- Masayuki Kuzuhara
- ORCiD
- Astrobiology Center of NINS , 2-21-1, Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo, 181-8588, Japan
- Pierre-Olivier Lagage
- LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Univ PSL , CNRS, Sorbonne Univ, Univ de Paris, 5 place Jules Janssen, 92195 Meudon, France
- Anne-Marie Lagrange
- ORCiD
- LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Univ PSL , CNRS, Sorbonne Univ, Univ de Paris, 5 place Jules Janssen, 92195 Meudon, France
- Kellen Lawson
- ORCiD
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center , Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
- Cecilia Lazzoni
- ORCiD
- University of Exeter , Astrophysics Group, Physics Building, Stocker Road, Exeter, EX4 4QL, UK
- Jarron M. Leisenring
- ORCiD
- Steward Observatory and the Department of Astronomy, The University of Arizona , 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
- Ben W. P. Lew
- ORCiD
- Bay Area Environmental Research Institute and NASA Ames Research Center , Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA
- Michael C. Liu
- ORCiD
- Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawai’i , 2680 Woodlawn Drive, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
- Pengyu Liu
- ORCiD
- Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, Institute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh , Blackford Hill, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, UK; Centre for Exoplanet Science, University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, UK
- Jorge Llop-Sayson
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- James P. Lloyd
- Department of Astronomy and Carl Sagan Institute, Cornell University , 122 Sciences Drive, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- Bruce Macintosh
- ORCiD
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University , Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Mathilde Mâlin
- ORCiD
- LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Univ PSL , CNRS, Sorbonne Univ, Univ de Paris, 5 place Jules Janssen, 92195 Meudon, France
- Elena Manjavacas
- ORCiD
- AURA for the European Space Agency (ESA), ESA Office, Space Telescope Science Institute , 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Sebastián Marino
- ORCiD
- University of Exeter , Astrophysics Group, Physics Building, Stocker Road, Exeter, EX4 4QL, UK
- Mark S. Marley
- ORCiD
- Department of Planetary Sciences, Lunar & Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona , Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
- Christian Marois
- ORCiD
- Herzberg Astronomy & Astrophysics Research Centre, National Research Council of Canada , 5071 West Saanich Road, Victoria, BC V9E 2E7, Canada
- Raquel A. Martinez
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, 4129 Frederick Reines Hall, University of California , Irvine, CA 92697, USA
- Elisabeth C. Matthews
- ORCiD
- Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie , Königstuhl 17, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Brenda C. Matthews
- ORCiD
- Herzberg Astronomy & Astrophysics Research Centre, National Research Council of Canada , 5071 West Saanich Road, Victoria, BC V9E 2E7, Canada
- Dimitri Mawet
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology , 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
- Johan Mazoyer
- ORCiD
- LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Univ PSL , CNRS, Sorbonne Univ, Univ de Paris, 5 place Jules Janssen, 92195 Meudon, France
- Michael W. McElwain
- ORCiD
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center , Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
- Stanimir Metchev
- ORCiD
- Western University , Department of Physics & Astronomy and Institute for Earth and Space Exploration, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
- Michael R. Meyer
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, University of Michigan , 1085 South University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48103, USA
- Maxwell A. Millar-Blanchaer
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, University of California , Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
- Paul Mollière
- ORCiD
- Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie , Königstuhl 17, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Sarah E. Moran
- ORCiD
- Department of Planetary Sciences, Lunar & Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona , Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
- Sagnick Mukherjee
- ORCiD
- University of California Santa Cruz , Santa Cruz, CA, USA
- Eric Pantin
- ORCiD
- LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Univ PSL , CNRS, Sorbonne Univ, Univ de Paris, 5 place Jules Janssen, 92195 Meudon, France
- Marshall D. Perrin
- ORCiD
- Space Telescope Science Institute , Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Laurent Pueyo
- ORCiD
- Space Telescope Science Institute , Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Sascha P. Quanz
- ORCiD
- Institute of Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zurich , Wolfgang-Pauli-Str. 27, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Andreas Quirrenbach
- ORCiD
- Landessternwarte, Zentrum für Astronomie der Universität Heidelberg , Königstuhl 12, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Shrishmoy Ray
- ORCiD
- University of Exeter , Astrophysics Group, Physics Building, Stocker Road, Exeter, EX4 4QL, UK
- Isabel Rebollido
- ORCiD
- Centro de Astrobiología (CAB CSIC-INTA) ESAC Campus Camino Bajo del Castillo , s/n, Villanueva de la Cañada, 28692, Madrid, Spain
- Jea Adams Redai
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysics ∣ Harvard & Smithsonian , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Bin B. Ren
- ORCiD
- Laboratoire Lagrange, Université Cote d’Azur , CNRS, Observatoire de la Cote d’Azur, 06304 Nice, France
- Emily Rickman
- ORCiD
- European Space Agency (ESA), ESA Office, Space Telescope Science Institute , 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Steph Sallum
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, 4129 Frederick Reines Hall, University of California , Irvine, CA 92697, USA
- Matthias Samland
- ORCiD
- Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie , Königstuhl 17, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Benjamin Sargent
- ORCiD
- Space Telescope Science Institute , Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Department of Physics & Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University , 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Joshua E. Schlieder
- ORCiD
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center , Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
- Karl R. Stapelfeldt
- ORCiD
- Western University , Department of Physics & Astronomy and Institute for Earth and Space Exploration, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
- Motohide Tamura
- ORCiD
- The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Xianyu Tan
- ORCiD
- Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , 520 Shengrong Road, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Christopher A. Theissen
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics, University of California , San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0424, USA
- Taichi Uyama
- ORCiD
- Infrared Processing and Analysis Center, California Institute of Technology , 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- Malavika Vasist
- ORCiD
- STAR Institute, Université de Liège , Allée du Six Août 19c, 4000 Liège, Belgium
- Arthur Vigan
- ORCiD
- Aix Marseille Univ , CNRS, CNES, LAM, Marseille, France
- Kevin Wagner
- ORCiD
- Steward Observatory and the Department of Astronomy, The University of Arizona , 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
- Kimberly Ward-Duong
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, Smith College , Northampton, MA 01063, USA
- Schuyler G. Wolff
- ORCiD
- Steward Observatory and the Department of Astronomy, The University of Arizona , 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
- Kadin Worthen
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University , 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Mark C. Wyatt
- ORCiD
- Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge , Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA, UK
- Marie Ygouf
- ORCiD
- Western University , Department of Physics & Astronomy and Institute for Earth and Space Exploration, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
- Alice Zurlo
- ORCiD
- Millennium Nucleus on Young Exoplanets and their Moons (YEMS) , Chile; Instituto de Estudios Astrofísicos , Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad Diego Portales, Av. Ejército Libertador 441, Santiago, Chile; Escuela de Ingeniería Industrial, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad Diego Portales , Av. Ejército Libertador 441, Santiago, Chile
- Xi Zhang
- ORCiD
- University of California Santa Cruz , Santa Cruz, CA, USA
- Keming Zhang
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, 501 Campbell Hall, University of California Berkeley , Berkeley, CA 94720-3411, USA
- Zhoujian Zhang
- ORCiD
- University of California Santa Cruz , Santa Cruz, CA, USA
- Yifan Zhou
- ORCiD
- University of Virginia , Department of Astronomy, 530 McCormick Road, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ad3e7c
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 966,
no. 1
p. L11
Abstract
The unprecedented medium-resolution ( R _λ ∼ 1500–3500) near- and mid-infrared (1–18 μ m) spectrum provided by JWST for the young (140 ± 20 Myr) low-mass (12–20 M _Jup ) L–T transition (L7) companion VHS 1256 b gives access to a catalog of molecular absorptions. In this study, we present a comprehensive analysis of this data set utilizing a forward-modeling approach applying our Bayesian framework, ForMoSA . We explore five distinct atmospheric models to assess their performance in estimating key atmospheric parameters: T _eff , log( g ), [M/H], C/O, γ , f _sed , and R . Our findings reveal that each parameter’s estimate is significantly influenced by factors such as the wavelength range considered and the model chosen for the fit. This is attributed to systematic errors in the models and their challenges in accurately replicating the complex atmospheric structure of VHS 1256 b, notably the complexity of its clouds and dust distribution. To propagate the impact of these systematic uncertainties on our atmospheric property estimates, we introduce innovative fitting methodologies based on independent fits performed on different spectral windows. We finally derived a T _eff consistent with the spectral type of the target, considering its young age, which is confirmed by our estimate of log( g ). Despite the exceptional data quality, attaining robust estimates for chemical abundances [M/H] and C/O, often employed as indicators of formation history, remains challenging. Nevertheless, the pioneering case of JWST’s data for VHS 1256 b has paved the way for future acquisitions of substellar spectra that will be systematically analyzed to directly compare the properties of these objects and correct the systematics in the models.
Keywords
- Exoplanet atmospheres
- Infrared spectroscopy
- Direct imaging
- L dwarfs
- Nested sampling
- James Webb Space Telescope
