Potentiating hypoxic microenvironment for antibiotic activation by photodynamic therapy to combat bacterial biofilm infections

Abstract

Bacteria in biofilms present unique metabolic conditions that limit the traditional antibiotic treatment. Here, the authors show a photodynamic therapy-activated chemotherapy potentiating the hypoxia of biofilms of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, by developing hyaluronic acid nanoparticles functionalized with chlorin e6 and metronidazole.