Zhongguo quanke yixue (Nov 2022)

Association of Inter-arm Systolic Blood Pressure Difference with Arterial Stiffness among Patients with Essential Hypertension

  • YAN Jiafu, ZHENG Keyang, LIU Rufei, ZENG Rong, LIU Aoya, CHENG Wenli

DOI
https://doi.org/10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2022.0348
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 25, no. 32
pp. 4029 – 4035

Abstract

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Background Inter-arm systolic blood pressure difference (IASBPD) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events, which may be involved with arterial stiffness. Objective To investigate the association of IASBPD with arterial stiffness in essential hypertension. Methods This retrospective study consecutively included 6 834 patients with essential hypertension who were admitted to Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University from December 2019 to September 2021. The patients were divided into three groups according to IASBPD. Arterial stiffness was assessed by the value of brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV). Multiple linear regression and multivariate Logistic regression models were used to analyze the association of arterial stiffness with IASBPD, then based on this, multivariate Logistic regression was further used for subgroup analysis to explore the impact of each influencing factor and their interaction on arterial stiffness. Results The IASBPD tertile groups were: IASBPD<5 mm Hg (n=4 248), 5 mm Hg≤IASBPD<10 mm Hg (n=1 806) and IASBPD≥10 mm Hg (n=780) .The median baPWV was 1 572 (1 392, 1 702) cm/s. The prevalence of arterial stiffness (defined as baPWV>1 800 cm/s) was 15.26% (1 043/6 834). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that IASBPD was associated with baPWV, and an increase in IASBPD by 1 mm Hg corresponded to an increase of 4.31 cm/s in baPWV〔B=4.31, 95%CI (3.29, 5.31), P<0.05〕. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that IASBPD≥10 mm Hg was associated with increased risk of arterial stiffness〔OR=2.28, 95%CI (1.76, 2.94), P<0.05〕, and the risk was much higher in those with LDL-C≥3.4 mmol/L (P=0.021) indicated by further subgroup analysis. Conclusion IASBPD≥10 mm Hg was a risk factor of arterial stiffness among essential hypertensive patients, especially in those with LDL-C≥3.4 mmol/L. IASBPD might be used as a simple and effective predictor of arterial stiffness.

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