Технічна інженерія (Nov 2023)
The study of the influence of excavation parameters on the stability of rock masses when developing stocks in sidewalls at quarries
Abstract
The results of scientific research on the possibility of excavation of reserves in the sides of open pits, which develop deposits in the form of layers and lenses are presented. According to the analysis of scientific publications, it is established that the excavation of reserves in the sides of open pits is the most effective when using the technology of development from the open pit. It is recommended to use Highwall complexes or similar ones as excavation equipment, which are based on the principle of destruction and subsequent excavation of rocks by drilling or cutting actuators. For the conditions of Semenivske brown coal deposit the maximum width of the rock pillar between the workings was determined, at which the stability of the passed mine workings should be ensured. The modeling of the side of the career at excavation of mineral reserves by the Highwall complex with a screw actuator and a continuous actuator, at application of which the rectangular shape of the excavation cross-section is formed. To establish the stability of the rock massif, the values of surface settlements have been calculated. Modeling was performed in the software package PLAXIS 3D Tunnel by the finite element method using the Mohr-Coulomb criterion. It has been proved that the stability of the excavations and the stability of the rock massif is fully ensured during the passage of the excavations by means of the auger actuator. The vertical settlement of the earth surface does not exceed the critical limit (15×10-3 m) at the investigated intervals of distances between the workings. At excavation of reserves in the sides of the career by the complex Highwall with a continuous actuator there is a collapse of formed mine workings at the initial stages of development, i.e. stability of mine workings of rectangular shape is not provided.
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