Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology (Jul 2024)

DOMINO trial analysis: evaluation of the diet effects on symptoms in IBS subtypes

  • Claudia Di Rosa,
  • Karen Van den Houte,
  • Annamaria Altomare,
  • Michele Pier Luca Guarino,
  • Linde Besard,
  • Joris Arts,
  • Philip Caenepeel,
  • Hubert Piessevaux,
  • Alain Vandenberghe,
  • Cristophe Matthys,
  • Jessica R. Biesiekierski,
  • Luc Capiau,
  • Steven Ceulemans,
  • Olivier Gernay,
  • Lydia Jones,
  • Sophie Maes,
  • Christian Peetermans,
  • Willem Raat,
  • Jeroen Stubbe,
  • Rudy Van Boxstael,
  • Olivia Vandeput,
  • Sophie Van Steenbergen,
  • Lukas Van Oudenhove,
  • Tim Vanuytsel,
  • Mike Jones,
  • Jan Tack,
  • Florencia Carbone

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1177/17562848241255296
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 17

Abstract

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Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a disorder of gut-brain interaction characterized by recurrent abdominal pain related to defecation and/or associated to a change in bowel habits. According to the stool type, four different IBS subtypes can be recognized, constipation predominant (IBS-C), diarrhea predominant (IBS-D), mixed (IBS-M), and undefined (IBS-U). Patients report that their IBS symptoms are exacerbated by food. Thus, it is important to find a nutritional approach that could be effective in reducing IBS symptoms. Objective: The present work is a post hoc analysis of the previously published DOMINO trial. It aimed to evaluate the effects of a self-instructed FODMAP-lowering diet smartphone application on symptoms and psychosocial aspects in primary care IBS stratifying the results for each IBS subtypes. Design: Post hoc analysis. Methods: Two hundred twenty-two primary care IBS patients followed a FODMAP-lowering diet for 8 weeks with the support of a smartphone application. Two follow-up visits were scheduled after 16 and 24 weeks. IBS–Symptoms Severity Score (IBS-SSS), quality of life (QoL), and adherence and dietary satisfaction were evaluated. Results: After 8 weeks, IBS-SSS improved in all IBS subtypes ( p < 0.0001). Physician Health Questiionnaire (PHQ-15) improved only in IBS-D ( p = 0.0006), whereas QoL improved both in IBS-D ( p = 0.01) and IBS-M ( p = 0.005). Conclusion: This post hoc analysis showed that the app is useful in all IBS subtypes; thus, it could be used as an effective tool by both general practitioners and patients to manage symptoms in primary care. Trial registration: Ethical Commission University Hospital of Leuven reference number: S59482. Clinicaltrial.gov reference number: NCT04270487.