A review of the chemical modification and applications of starch

Abstract

The modification of starch using esterification, etherification, oxidation, and Schiff base formation has garnered significant interest owing to its wide-ranging applications in different sectors. This overview delves into the various techniques utilized for modifying starch molecules and examines their utilization in adsorption, adhesive formulations, pharmaceuticals, nanoparticle synthesis, and film manufacturing. The article delves into the synthesis pathways associated with esterification, etherification, oxidation, and Schiff base formation, underscoring their influence on the physicochemical characteristics of starch. Furthermore, it thoroughly examines the application of modified starch in pollutant adsorption processes, as adhesive agents in industries, as excipients in pharmaceutical formulations, and as crucial elements in the creation of starch-based nanoparticles and films.