《脑出血医疗质量控制指标》的解读 Interpretation of Medical Quality Control Indicators for Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Abstract

脑出血的发病率低于脑梗死，但致死率和致残率高，在我国，约46％的脑出血患者在发病1年内死亡或遗留严重残疾，因此规范脑出血的诊疗就显得尤为重要。2018年，美国心脏学会（American Heart Association，AHA）/美国卒中学会（American Stroke Association，ASA）根据其发布的自发性脑出血管理指南中证据级别较高的Ⅰ类或Ⅲ类推荐意见，制定了脑出血患者的临床管理指标，将指南转化为临床可实践的量化指标。从2021年7月开始，我国国家神经系统疾病医疗质量控制中心联合中国卒中学会医疗质量管理与促进分会，采用改良德尔菲法，最终制定了包括11项指标的脑出血医疗质量控制指标体系。本文对这11项指标进行具体解读，以期指导医疗机构在最佳时间内安全、有效地为患者提供医疗救护，提高脑出血患者的医疗救护质量，从而改善患者的临床转归。 Abstract: The incidence of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is less than ischemic stroke, but its mortality and disability rate are high. In China, nearly 46% of patients with ICH died or left serious disability within one year. Therefore, it is particularly important to standardize the diagnosis and treatment of ICH. In 2018, the American Heart Association (AHA) /American Stroke Association (ASA) developed clinical management indicators for patients with ICH based on the higher level of evidence level Ⅰ or Ⅲ recommendations in the guidelines for the management of spontaneous ICH, translating the guidelines into clinically practical quantitative indicators. From July 2021, the National Center for Healthcare Quality Management in Neurological Diseases and the Management and Improvement of Chinese Medical Care Quality on Stroke, Chinese Stroke Association adopted the improved Delphi method and finally formulated an index system for medical quality control of ICH, including 11 indicators. This paper makes detailed interpretation of these 11 indicators in order to guide medical institutions to provide medical assistance for patients in the best time safely and effectively, improve the quality of medical assistance for patients with ICH, and improve the clinical outcome of patients.

Keywords

• 脑出血
• 质量控制
• 血压
• 抗凝治疗
• 影像学检查
• 康复
• intracerebral hemorrhage
• quality control
• blood pressure
• anticoagulation therapy
• imaging examination
• rehabilitation