Archivos Latinoamericanos de Nutrición (Mar 2000)
Composição em minerais de cogumelos comestíveis cultivados no Brasil - Pleurotus spp e outras espécies desidratadas
Abstract
Os macrofungos podem acumular certos minerais, inclusive os metais tóxicos se presentes no substrato. Recomenda-se o monitoramento periódico desses elementos nos cogumelos comestíveis quando as condições de cultivo forem alteradas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o conteúdo em minerais de Pleurotus spp (hiratake e shimeji) e, de cogumelos secos importados (chileno e italiano). Os corpos de frutificação de Pleurotus spp foram obtidos frescos de cultivadores e os cogumelos secos adquiridos no comércio. As amostras foram secas, moídas e digeridas por ClH-NO3H. O conteúdo de P, K, S, Ca, Mg, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, Na e B foram analisados por ICP- AES e o de Al, Cd, Cr, Pb, Co e Ni por ICP-OES. Os resultados classificam tais cogumelos como fonte de potasio e cobre; Pleurotus spp são também fonte de fósforo (PMineral composition of edible mushrooms cultivated in Brazil- Pleurotus spp and other dehydrated species. Macrofungi can accumulate some minerals, including toxic metals if present in the substrate. A periodic monitoring of these elements in mushrooms is recommended when the conditions of cultivation are altered. The aim of this work was to evaluate the mineral content of Pleurotus spp (hiratake and shimeji) and of imported (chilean and italian) dehydrated mushrooms. Fresh fruiting bodies of Pleurotus spp were obtained from cultivators and dehydrated mushrooms were bought in a market. The samples were dried, milled and digested by CIH-NO3H. The content of P, K, S, Ca, Mg, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, Na and B were analyzed by ICP-AES and Al, Cd, Cr, Pb. Co, Ni by ICP-OES. The results classify these mushrooms as a source of potassium and copper: Pleurotus spp are also a source of phosphorus (P<0.05); the chilean mushrooms present high content of iron (P< 0,05). All the evaluated mushrooms were identified as a food without sodium (<5 mg Na/l00 g). So these mushrooms being a source of potassium without Na, answer the needs of hypertension and/or heart diseases patients as a food and/or like a condiment for flavor enhancement. Subsequent studies should include major sampling and the evaluation of the toxic metals. Pb and Cr, employing more accurate methods of analysis, as well as the evaluation of Hg (not analysed in this study), mainly in wild mushrooms. commercialized dehydrated.
