RESEARCH OF AN AUTOMATED SYSTEM OF TENSION OF DRIVE BELTS IN A PUMPJACK

Abstract

Relevance. The efficiency of pumpjacks – the most common type of drive of sucker rod pumps – is largely determined by the reliability of the V-belt drive. The absence of a mechanism, which ensures optimal tension of the drive belts, causes significant energy losses in the V-belt transmission due to slippage of the belts and decrease in operating characteristics of pumping units. Currently, the control and adjustment of tension of the drive belts of the machine are carried out manually. The foregoing causes the relevance of developing the mechanisms for automatic belt tension. The object: automatic tensioner of drive belts for pumpjack using the principle of adjusting the interaxle distance pulleys by changing the inclination angle of the platform with installed motor. Adjustment of the angle of inclination is achieved by the joint operation of compression springs of different rigidity. The spring of greater rigidity due to the force of the elastic compression deformation provides tension of the belts, the spring of less rigidity is designed to compensate fluctuations in the system. The aim of the research is to study an automated system of tension of drive belts, develop a technique for calculating the automatic belt tensioner of the pumpjack, which includes determining the optimal value of the platform's inclination to the horizontal, the position of electric motor on the platform, and the elastic characteristics of the springs. Methods: application of the principles of analytical mechanics, differential calculus for counting optimal values of automatic tension parameters. Results. The author have developed the technique for calculating the automatic tensioner for the drive belt of a pumpjack, which makes it possible to maintain the optimum tension of the belts during operation of the sucker rod pump system. The optimum values of the initial inclination angle of the platform, the position of the electric motor on the platform, the limits of variation in the platform inclination angle during the stretching of the belts are calculated. It is shown that from the point of view of minimizing the load on the spring, the optimal values are the minimum platform inclination angle and the maximum distance along it to the electric motor. The authors calculated the compression springs included in the automatic tensioner arrangement, and determined the optimum values of the elasticity coefficients of the springs.

Keywords

• pumpjack
• drive belt
• belt tension
• automatic tensioner
• compression spring
• coefficient of spring stiffness