Productivity of various types of spring wheat under the influence of the area and nutrition status in the Pre-Kama of the Republic of Tatarstan

Abstract

This paper summarizes the experimental data on the results of two years of experiments on the study the effect on the yield and grain quality of spring soft wheat of the Ulyanovskaya 105 variety and emmer wheat (Triticum Dicoccum Schvebl, spelt) of Runo variety and when applying a full dose of mineral fertilizers (N30-34P49-52K33-35) for pre-sowing cultivation. Natural background without fertilizers was in the control. Four seeding rates were tested at each nutritional level: 4; 5; 6 and 7 million pieces viable seeds per 1 ha. Meteorological conditions during the research years were different. The hydrothermal index (HTI) for the growing season of spring wheat in 2020 was 1.38, growth and development took place in favorable conditions, and in 2021 the HTI was 0.29, which had a very negative impact on the yield of the tested wheat varieties. The highest yield in the research years on both statuses of nutrition in the Ulyanovskaya105 variety was provided when sowing 6 million grains per hectare, in wheat variety Runo spelt (1.95–2.6...2.63–2.75), respectively.