Зерновое хозяйство России (May 2018)
The quality of winter wheat grain in dependence to the cultivation technologies
Abstract
The article considers the possibilities and presents the study results of winter wheat cultivation with various technologies under the conditions of insufficient and unstable moisture supply of the south of Russia. The experimental research has been carried out under the conditions of stationary trial of four crop rotation sequences with different variants of tillage (moldboard, subsoil (nonmoldboard) and graded tillage), including non-tillage variants. It has been determined that some qualitative traits of winter wheat grain were the same in all experiments (color, pest infection, kernels with smut, smell). Some traits can be eliminated and brought to the standard indexes through further improvement of kernels (moisture, weed and grain dockage, etc.). Due to the regressive analysis the beta-coefficients have been found which determined the largest effect on grain quality of such indexes as quantity and quality of gluten, amount of protein, nature weight and falling number. According to the ROC-analysis there has been given a quantitative assessment of the effect of cultivation technologies on qualitative traits of grain. The qualitative traits like falling number and nature weight occupy the largest area under the curve of the ROC-analysis (the area under the curve is of 0.847 and 0.792 respectively). it shows a great effect of the cultivation technologies (tillage) on these parameters. The obtained results of qualitative traits of grain allow saying that the use of non-tillage methods in winter wheat cultivation do not reduce the quality of the product. That’s why non-tillage cultivation technologies are possible to be used in the south of Russia with insufficient moisture supply.
