Inhibition of LPS-Induced PGE₂ Production by Arylsulfonamide Derivatives via the Selective Inhibition of mPGES-1 Enzyme

Abstract

Microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1) is responsible for the massive prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) formation during inflammation. Increasing evidence reveals mPGES-1 inhibitors as a safe alternative to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Recently, we reported that a novel series of phenylsulfonyl hydrazide derivatives could reduce LPS-induced PGE2 levels in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells via an inhibition of the mPGES-1 enzyme. However, a few of the phenylsulfonyl hydrazide derivatives showed poor metabolic stability in liver microsomes. In order to identify new mPGES-1 inhibitors with improved metabolic stability, therefore, a series of arylsulfonamide derivatives has been synthesized and biologically evaluated against PGE2 production and the mPGES-1 enzyme. Among them, MPO-0186 inhibits the production of PGE2 (IC50 = 0.20 μM) in A549 cells via inhibition of mPGES-1 (IC50 = 0.49 μM in a cell-free assay) together with high selectivity over both COX-1 and COX-2. A molecular docking study theoretically suggests that MPO-0186 could inhibit PGE2 production by blocking the PGH2 binding site of the mPGES-1 enzyme. Furthermore, MPO-0186 demonstrated good metabolic stability in human liver microsomes and no significant inhibition observed in clinically relevant CYP isoforms.

Keywords

• mPGES-1
• inflammation
• arylsulfonamides