Advanced Local Grid Control System for Offshore Wind Turbines with the Diode-Based Rectifier HVDC Link Implemented in a True Scalable Test Bench

Abstract

Diode-based HVDC link technology is considered an alternative to reduce the cost and complexity of offshore HVDC platforms. When this technology is used, the AC grid of the wind farm must be created artificially. This paper proposes an advanced frequency control method that permits forming an AC grid voltage system to connect offshore wind turbines to a diode-based HVDC link rectifier. The proposed algorithm can be easily implemented in the wind farm’s overall Power Plant Controller (PPC) without any change in the commercial wind turbine firmware. All wind turbines receive reactive power targets from the PPC to maintain the frequency and amplitude of the offshore AC line, delivering the maximum active power generated by the wind. A novel black start method is proposed to establish the wind farm’s local AC grid voltage system. The control method has been implemented and proved in an experimental setting. The black start has been successfully verified, and the frequency control algorithm shows excellent experimental results.

Keywords

• frequency control
• grid-forming
• grid-following
• diode-based rectifier
• offshore wind generation