Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity (Mar 2024)
Drug Safety Evaluation of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors in Diabetic Comorbid Patients by Review of Systemic Extraglycemic Effects
Abstract
Mohammad Belal Omari,1 Shafiqullah Naseri,2 Abdul Jalil Hassan3 1Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Rheumatology, Ali Abad Teaching Hospital, Kabul University of Medical Sciences “Abu Ali Ibn Sina”, Kabul, Afghanistan; 2Cardio-Pulmonary Department, Ali Abad Teaching Hospital, Kabul University of Medical Sciences “Abu Ali Ibn Sina”, Kabul, Afghanistan; 3Department of Infectious Disease and Tuberculosis, Ali Abad Teaching Hospital, Kabul University of Medical Sciences “Abu Ali Ibn Sina”, Kabul, AfghanistanCorrespondence: Mohammad Belal Omari, Email [email protected]: The aim of this study is to evaluate the safety of this drug in diabetic patients with comorbidities of all systems.Method: In this review, the beneficial effects of this drug and its mechanism on the disorders of every system of humans in relation to diabetes have been studied, and finally, its adverse effects have also been discussed. The search for relevant information is carried out in the PubMed and Google Scholar databases by using the following terms: diabetes mellitus type 2, SGLT, SGLT2 inhibitors, (SGLT2 inhibitors) AND (Pleiotropic effects). All English-published articles from 2016 to 2023 have been used in this study. It should be noted that a small number of articles published before 2016 have been used in the introduction and general informations.Results: Its beneficial effects on improving cardiovascular disease risk factors and reducing adverse events caused by cardiovascular and renal diseases have proven in most large clinical studies that these effects are almost certain. It also has beneficial effects on other human systems such as the respiratory system, the gastrointestinal system, the circulatory system, and the nervous system; more of them are at the level of clinical and pre-clinical trials but have not been proven in large clinical trials or meta-analyses.Conclusion: With the exception of a few adverse effects, this drug is considered a good choice and safe for all diabetic patients with comorbidities of all systems.Keywords: safety, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors, type 2 diabetes mellitus, comorbidities and extraglycemic effects
