Anatomical Variations on NCCT Nose and Paranasal Sinuses and Their Relation with Symptoms of the Patients: A Retrospective Analysis

Abstract

Background: There are various bones around the nasal cavity that pneumatize to form the paranasal sinuses; namely, maxilla, ethmoid bone, frontal bone, and sphenoid bone. The CT scan of nose and paranasal sinus is the gold standard investigation for the patients of chronic rhino-sinusitis (CRS). Objective: This study was conducted with aim to determine the prevalence anatomical variation of Nose and Paranasal Sinuses on CT-scan and their relation with symptoms. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted among 200 patients over a period of one year (2022-2023). Patients with various symptoms of chronic rhinosinusitis were subjected to non-contrast enhanced Computed Tomography of nose and paranasal sinuses. Results: In our study 56% patients had septal deviation with most common C shaped deviation followed by S shaped deviation. 99.5% patients have agger nasi cells. The attachment of uncinate process was to the lamina papyracea in 83.0%, followed by the base of skull in 13.0%. The least common types were free uncinate process in 1.5%. The prevalence of concha bullosa was found 16.5%. However, paradoxical turbinate was present in 2.0% subjects. The incidence of Haller cells was found to be 5.0% and Onodi cells were found in 4.5%. The type of frontal cell was Agger Nasi followed by a Supra-bullar. In Sphenoid sinus, commonest type was pre-sellar type of pneumatisation. Conclusion: Our study concluded these various anatomical variations and its prevalence. The relation of variations with disease symptomatology is inconclusive.

Keywords

• uncinate
• lamina papyracea
• concha bullosa
• sphenoid sinus
• haller cells
• onodi cell