Pediatric Atypical Melanocytic Proliferations: Single-Site Retrospective Cohort Assessment of Treatment and Long-Term Follow-Up

Abstract

Atypical and malignant cutaneous tumors are understudied in the pediatric population, with limited data on long-term follow-up. This study examines pediatric (0–18 years) atypical melanocytic proliferations over a twenty-year period (January 2002–December2022) using the EPIC SlicerDicer at our institution. Over a twenty-year period, there were 55 cases of pediatric melanoma (53 patients). The median follow-up time was 8 years, 11 months. A proportion of 96% were treated with wide local excision (WLE), and 47% had a sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) (35% positive rate). There were 101 atypical Spitz tumor cases (85% atypical Spitz tumors, 15% Spitz melanoma), with a median follow-up duration of 9 years. A proportion of 77% were treated with WLE (with one patient dying of metastatic disease). There were 10 cases of atypical melanocytic proliferations not otherwise specified, including 5 pigmented epithelioid melanocytomas (PEM), 4 deep-penetrating nevi, and 1 atypical cellular blue nevus. This study adds to the growing body of knowledge on pediatric atypical cutaneous melanocytic proliferations, aligning with many described characteristics such as disease location and overall survival rates, with distinct exceptions (higher melanoma positive SLNB rate, lower atypical Spitz tumor WLE rate, and a case of fatal metastatic atypical Spitz tumor).

Keywords

• pediatric melanoma
• Spitz tumor
• pigmented epithelioid melanocytoma
• deep penetrating nevus