Remdesivir Alone or in Combination with Monoclonal Antibodies as an Early Treatment to Prevent Severe COVID-19 in Patients with Mild/Moderate Disease at High Risk of Progression: A Single Centre, Real-Life Study

Abstract

Early treatment with antivirals against SARS-CoV-2 infection can prevent the onset of severe COVID-19 in fragile and immunocompromised patients. In this real-life, prospective, observational study, we evaluated efficacy and safety of a 3-day early treatment with remdesivir in adult and fragile patients with a diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection who referred to the COVID-19 early treatment service of Infectious Diseases Unit of University of Naples Federico from 10 January 2022 to 31 March 2022. The included patients could be treated with either remdesivir alone or with remdesivir plus a monoclonal antibody with activity against SARS-CoV-2. Among the 62 included patients, we showed low rates of hospitalization (8%), increase in oxygen supplementation (3.2%), ICU admission (1.6%) and death (1.6%). The rate of disease progression was 8% and it was similar in patients treated with remdesivir alone or in combination with monoclonal antibodies (6.7% and 9.4%, respectively; p = 0.531). The rate of adverse drug reaction was low and similar in the two groups (13.3% in patients treated with remdesivir, 15.6% in patients treated with the combination; p = 0.543). Most common adverse events were headache and fever. In conclusion, in our cohort of patients at a high risk of worse COVID-19 outcomes, an early course of remdesivir showed low rates of disease progression and adverse drug reactions.

Keywords

• COVID-19
• SARS-CoV-2
• remdesivir
• monoclonal antibodies
• hospitalization
• fragile