Extensive deep venous thrombosis in a young male with absent infrarenal inferior vena cava

Abstract

A previously well, independent 20-year-old man presented with a 4-day history of progressive left lower limb pain with associated phlegmasia cerulea dolens. Duplex venous ultrasound examination and computed tomography venogram revealed extensive deep vein thrombus from the left popliteal vein to abnormal venous vasculature proximally. Notably, no infrarenal inferior vena cava was detected, with distal venous return channeled through lumbar and visceral collateral channels into the azygous system. Treatment included systemic anticoagulation, catheter-directed thrombolysis, and prolonged therapeutic anticoagulation. In the absence of other risk factors, anatomical abnormalities should be considered in young, well patients presenting with lower limb venous thrombosis.

Keywords

• Deep vein thrombosis
• Inferior vena cava
• Congenital anomaly
• Vascular malformations
• 3D reconstruction