Study of Sustainable Corn Development through the Integration with Cow in Tuban, East Java

Abstract

Grains and meat are two important commodities in Indonesia. East Java is the main production center of the two commodities so that sustainability is necessary. The problem of corn production is the high price of inorganic fertilizers and the limited availability. The problem of livestock production is the limitation of feed. The corn biomass can be processed as a feed. Conversely, cow manure can be used as a fertilizer. The integration of both commodities is an opportunity for sustainability. This study was designed to determine the sustainability of corn and cow productions in Tuban. The survey of 23 farmers, the members of the Makaryo Farmer Group, Waleran, Grabagan was conducted to find out data about the integration of corn and cattle farming. To determine the efficiency of fertilizer, on the farmer land was conducted a study of four doses of urea i.e., 0, 100, 200, and 300 kg ha-1. In addition, 300 kg of NPK Phonska and 10 tons of manure per hectare were applied. The scale of integration of 1 hectare of corn field with 2 cows could be implemented. The 2 cows supplied the manure as a fertilizer for 1.1 hectares of corn field. The doses of urea at the level of 200 kg ha-1 produced the highest grains (6.890 kg) and revenue (IDR21.888.000). Urea could be saved up to 100 kg/ha or 9.651 tons for 96.505 ha of corn field per year in Tuban. Economically, the integration of animal and corn agriculture can save Urea as an external input of IDR230,000/ha or IDR20,651 billion/year. The integration of 2 cows and corn production realize the low-external input and sustainable agriculture.

Keywords

• biomass
• feed
• integration
• low-external input
• manure