A cross-sectional study on body image dissatisfaction, depression, anxiety and stress among medical students and interns

Abstract

Background: Body image dissatisfaction is hypothesized to be associated with depression, anxiety, psychological distress and low self-esteem. This study was conducted to assess body image concerns and weight control behaviors and the associations of body image concerns with depression, anxiety and stress among medical students in Central Karnataka. Methodology: A cross-sectional study among medical students was conducted at Basaveshwara Medical College and Hospital, Chitradurga. Each participant was asked to self-select the silhouette that best indicated his or her current body size and the silhouette that reflects his or her preferred ideal body size, from Stunkard Figure Rating Scale. Body Shape Questionnaire (to assess body shape concern) and Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 instrument (to assess depression, anxiety and stress) were utilized. Results: 66.9% students had normal body mass index. 74.6% students desired to change current weight, which was mainly influenced by family members, media icons and friends (47.9%, 40.8% and 31.7%). 42.3% reported that they did physical activity/exercises, 35.2% followed diet to control their weight. Higher proportions for depression, anxiety and stress were noted among those students who had body image misconception. Conclusions and recommendations: Counseling and if required treatment by psychologists and psychiatrists would be recommended to address wrong thoughts towards the ideal body image among college students and associated depression, anxiety, stress. Nutritional health education can be given about the importance of a healthy diet and provide free nutritional consultations and counseling.

Keywords

• anxiety
• body image
• body image concern
• depression
• dissatisfaction
• silhouette
• stress