Semilinear integro-differential equations, Ⅱ: one-dimensional and saddle-shaped solutions to the Allen-Cahn equation

Abstract

This paper addresses saddle-shaped solutions to the semilinear equation $L_K u = f(u)$ in $\mathbb{R}^{2m}$, where $L_K$ is a linear elliptic integro-differential operator with a radially symmetric kernel $K$, and $f$ is of Allen-Cahn type. Saddle-shaped solutions are doubly radial, odd with respect to the Simons cone $\{(x', x'') \in \mathbb{R}^m \times \mathbb{R}^m \, : \, |x'| = |x''|\}$, and vanish only in this set. We establish the uniqueness and the asymptotic behavior of the saddle-shaped solution. For this, we prove a Liouville type result, the one-dimensional symmetry of positive solutions to semilinear problems in a half-space, and maximum principles in ``narrow'' sets. The existence of the solution was already proved in part I of this work.

Keywords

• integro-differential semilinear equation
• saddle-shaped solution
• odd symmetry
• simons cone
• symmetry results