PERFILES MOTIVACIONALES EN SALVAMENTO DEPORTIVO

Abstract

<p>&nbsp;</p><p class="titulo1" align="center"><strong>RESUMEN </strong></p> <p class="resumenyabstract" align="justify">El objetivo de este trabajo fue establecer diferentes perfiles motivacionales en una muestra compuesta por 283 deportistas federados de salvamento deportivo (141 hombres y 142 mujeres), de edades comprendidas entre los 14 y los 38 a&ntilde;os. Las variables analizadas fueron la percepci&oacute;n del clima motivacional, la motivaci&oacute;n intr&iacute;nseca, la motivaci&oacute;n extr&iacute;nseca, la desmotivaci&oacute;n y el flow disposicional. El an&aacute;lisis cluster revel&oacute; tres perfiles motivacionales. El &ldquo;perfil no autodeterminado&rdquo; obtuvo puntuaciones altas en la percepci&oacute;n de un clima ego y en desmotivaci&oacute;n, moderadas en motivaci&oacute;n intr&iacute;nseca, extr&iacute;nseca y flow disposicional, y bajas en la percepci&oacute;n de un clima tarea. El &ldquo;perfil autodeterminado&rdquo; mostr&oacute; puntuaciones altas en la percepci&oacute;n de un clima tarea y en motivaci&oacute;n intr&iacute;nseca, revelando los valores m&aacute;s altos de flow disposicional. Tambi&eacute;n obtuvo puntuaciones moderadas en motivaci&oacute;n extr&iacute;nseca y bajas en desmotivaci&oacute;n y en la percepci&oacute;n de un clima ego. El &ldquo;perfil pobremente motivado&rdquo; reflej&oacute; una puntuaci&oacute;n moderada en la percepci&oacute;n de un clima ego y baja en el resto de variables de estudio. La puntuaci&oacute;n m&aacute;s alta que obtuvo fue en desmotivaci&oacute;n. Adem&aacute;s, los resultados mostraron que en niveles de competici&oacute;n m&aacute;s elevados los perfiles motivacionales parec&iacute;an ser m&aacute;s negativos.<br /><strong>Palabras Clave:</strong> <strong></strong>motivaci&oacute;n, autodeterminaci&oacute;n, clima motivacional, flow, salvamento deportivo.</p> <p class="tabulado" align="justify">&nbsp;</p> <p class="titulo1" align="center"><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p> <p class="resumenyabstract" align="justify">The main purpose of this article has been to analyze the motivational profiles in a group of 283 lifesavers (141 male and 142 female), of ages 14 to 38 years. There were several variables that were analyzed: perception of motivational climate, intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, amotivation and dispositional flow. Cluster analysis showed that there were three different profiles. The &ldquo;non-self-determined profile&rdquo; scored high in the ego climate and amotivation variables. They showed moderate scores in the extrinsic motivation, intrinsic motivation and dispositional flow variables, and low scores in the task climate variable. The &ldquo;self-determined profile&rdquo; scored high in the task climate and intrinsic motivation variables. They showed the higher scores in the dispositional flow. Their moderate and low scores were in the extrinsic motivation, amotivation and ego climate variables. The &ldquo;poorly motivated profile&rdquo; showed moderate scores in the ego climate variable and low scores in the rest of variables. Their higher score was in amotivation. One interesting result was that when the demands of competitiveness were higher, the motivational profile was more negative.<br /><strong>Key Words:</strong> <strong></strong>motivation, self-determination, motivational climate, flow, lifesaving sport.</p>