Effects of Salicylic acid and Humic acid on Vegetative Indices of Periwinkle (Catharanthus roseusL.)

Abstract

Introduction: Vinca flower (Catharanthus roseus L.) is one of the most important medicinal plants of Apocynaceae (31, 27). Tropical plant native to a height of 30 to 35 centimeters (9) and a perennial shrub which is grown in cold areas for one year (27).One of the plants in the world today as a medicinal plant used the periwinkle plant. Among the 130 indole – terpenoids alkaloids which have been identified in the plant periwinkle vinca alkaloids vincristine and vinblastin are the most important component is used to treat a variety of cancers. Including therapies that are used for a variety of cancer, chemotherapy to help Vinca alkaloids collection (including vincristine and…). Vinblastin as effective member of this category, due to the low percentage of venom and effects at very low doses, is widely used today. These materials are generally formed as inhibitors of mitotic spindle in dividing cells have been identified. Vinblastin with these structural changes in connection kinotokor - microtubules and centrosomes in a dividing cell, the mitotic spindle stop (45).Salicylic acid belongs to a group of phenolic compounds found in plants, and today is widely regarded as a hormone-like substance. These classes of compounds act as growth regulators. Humic substances are natural organic compounds that contain 50 to 90% of organic matter, peat, charcoal, rotten food and non-living organic materials are aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems (2). Materials and Methods: In this experiment, vinca F2 seeds in the mixed 4: 1 perlite and peat moss to the planting trays were sown. The seedlings at the 6-leaf stage were transfered to the main pot (pot height 30 and 25 cm diameter) The pots bed soil mix consisting of 2 parts soil to one part sand and one part peat moss (v / v) were used and after the establishment of seedlings in pots every two weeks with. Salicylic acid and humic acid concentrations 0 (control), 10, 100, 500 and 1000 mg were treated as a foliar spray. Salicylic acid and humic acid used in the Merck has the solutions according to plant size in proper volume has been prepared and will be sprayed on aerial spraying. According to the bootblack periwinkle flowers and leaves to prevent leaf burn and create the solution at one point, for every cc100 solution, two drops of Tween 20 was added to the solution, then spray on the leaves and leaf fire does not spread. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with 10 replicates at the end of the results by the SAS software analysis and comparison of means by Duncan's multiple range tests was performed. Results and Discussion: According to the results of the data analysis of different treatments significant impact on the level of 1% of the height, number of leaves, chlorophyll, stomatal conductance, pods and stems of the side. Also, the tally was significant at 5%.According to the results of the data analysis of different treatments on stem diameter had no significant effect. Results of comparing the average of the data showed that treatment with 10 and 500 mg/l of salicylic acid per liter respectively in the first and second measurement and control showed lowest height. Treatment of 100 mg/l of humic acid maximum height was measured in two stages. The results of the comparison showed that an average of 500 mg/l of salicylic acid in a two-step measurement and control had the lowest number of leaves. Treatment with 10 mg/l in the first stage of the operation (L1) and treated with 100 mg/l of humic acid in the second vector data (L2) had the highest number of leaves. Treatment with 10 mg/l of salicylic acid and 100 mg/l of humic acid had the highest chlorophyll. The treatment of 10 mg/l of salicylic acid and 100 mg/l of humic acid had the highest stomatal conductance. The results of the comparison average showed that the 500 mg/l of salicylic acid and humic acid had the greatest impact on the number of flowers. As well as 500 mg/l salicylic acid and humic acid had the greatest impact on the number of pods. The results showed that treatment with 1000 mg/l salicylic acid and humic acid had the greatest effect on stem diameter. Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that low concentrations of salicylic acid increased plant height, the number of leaves, chlorophyll content and stomatal conductance, which can increase plant resistance against unfavorable environmental conditions. As a result, the plants treated with salicylic acid can be increased two driven in adverse environmental conditions. The treatment of humic acid by increasing the rate of photosynthesis and increases the amount of material available for plant growth. This increase can accelerate the growth of the main branch and side periwinkle plant medicinal plants and enhances the appearance of the plant.

Keywords

• Alkaloid
• Chlorophyll
• Stomata Conductivity