Advances in Radiation Oncology (Nov 2021)

Evaluation of Pretreatment Magnetic Resonance Elastography for the Prediction of Radiation-Induced Liver Disease

  • Trey C. Mullikin, MD,
  • Kay M. Pepin, PhD,
  • Jaden E. Evans, MD,
  • Sudhakar K. Venkatesh, MD,
  • Richard L. Ehman, MD,
  • Kenneth W. Merrell, MD,
  • Michael G. Haddock, MD,
  • William S. Harmsen, MS,
  • Michael G. Herman, PhD,
  • Christopher L. Hallemeier, MD

Journal volume & issue
Vol. 6, no. 6
p. 100793

Abstract

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Purpose: Magnetic resonance (MR) elastography (E) is a noninvasive technique for quantifying liver stiffness (LS) for fibrosis. This study evaluates whether LS is associated with risk of developing radiation-induced liver disease (RILD) in patients receiving liver-directed radiation therapy (RT). Methods and Materials: Based on prior studies, LS ≤3 kPa was considered normal and LS >3.0 kPa as representing fibrosis. RILD was defined as an increase in Child-Pugh (CP) score of ≥2 from baseline within 1 year of RT. Univariate and multivariate Cox models were used to assess correlation. Results: One hundred two patients, 51 with primary liver tumors and 51 with liver metastases, were identified with sufficient follow-up. In univariate models, pre-RT LS >3.0 kPa (hazard ratio [HR] 4.9; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.6-14; P = .004), body mass index (BMI), clinical cirrhosis, CP score, albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) grade 2, primary liver tumor, and mean liver dose were significantly associated with risk of post-RT RILD. In a multivariate analysis, LS >3.0 and mean liver dose both were significantly associated with RILD risk. Conclusions: Elevated pre-RT LS is associated with an increased risk of RILD in patients receiving liver-directed RT.