A Cross-Sectional Study of How Harm Avoidance, Incompleteness and Intolerance of Uncertainty Contribute to Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder in University Students

Abstract

Research suggests that certain cognitive factors increase the likelihood of developing and maintaining obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD). Such factors that are often associated with OCD are harm avoidance (HA), incompleteness (INC), and intolerance of uncertainty (IU). The present study aimed to examine the associations of intolerance of uncertainty, incompleteness, and harm avoidance with dimensions of obsessive–compulsive symptoms. Participants were 1128 university students (Mage = 19.42 St.d. = 2.02). Results showed that all subscales of the OCI-R correlated significantly with HA, INC, and IU, confirming the findings of previous studies. HA and INC appear to predict OC symptoms in a significant way. IU appears to correlate and improve the models, although to a lesser degree. The present findings contribute to our better understanding of the relationship between OCD symptoms and underlying cognitive variables and the nature of OCD heterogeneity.

Keywords

• harm avoidance
• incompleteness
• intolerance of uncertainty
• OCD
• OCI-R
• IUS-12 OC-TCDQ