Association between abdominal obesity and periodontal disease. Cross-sectional study.

Abstract

Introduction: The aim of the study is to determine the association. between abdominal obesity and periodontal disease by means of multivariate analysis. Materials and method: A cross -sectional observational study was carried out. From March to April 2014, patients admitted to the Dental Sciences Building at Universidad Austral de Chile were subjected to a clinical periodontal examination. Periodontitis was defined by a probing pocket depth equal to or greater than 4mm in at least one site of the teeth in two different quadrants, along with active bleeding within 30 seconds after probing. Abdominal obesity was defined by waist-hip ratio with values equal to or greater than 0.90 for men and 0.88 for women. Oral hygiene was assessed by Simplified Oral Hygiene Index. Smoker status was determined after undergoing an interview. Results: The sample comprised 136 participants (51 males and 85 females), with a mean age of 40.6±15.1 years. Prevalence of periodontal disease was 49.2% and obesity was 50.7%. A 62.3% of the patients showed both, periodontal disease and obesity. A statistically significant association between abdominal obesity (Odds ratio (OR)=2.4, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.1, 5.1), cigarette comsumption (OR=4.0, 95% CI: 1.0, 16.5), poor oral hygiene (OR=2.8, 95% CI: 1.3, 5.9) and periodontal disease was established. Conclusion: There is a statically significant association between abdominal obesity and periodontal disease.

Keywords

• Abdominal obesity
• periodontal disease
• waist-hip ratio
• adipose tissue
• metabolism
• epidemiology.