The Synthesis of Materials with a Hierarchical Structure Based on Tin Dioxide

Abstract

This article presents the results of the formation of hierarchical micro–nano structures in nanostructured tin dioxide films obtained from the lyophilic film-forming system SnCl4/EtOH/NH4OH. The classification of the shape and size of the synthesized structures, in relation to the pH of the solution, is presented. Measurements were carried out on an X-ray diffractometer to study the crystal structure of the samples analyzed. It was found that SnO2 and NH4Cl crystallites participate in the formation of the synthesized hierarchical structures. It is shown that the mechanism of the formation of hierarchical structures depends on the amount of ammonium hydroxide added. This makes it possible to control the shape and size of the synthesized structures by changing the ratio of precursors.

Keywords

• nanostructures
• thin films
• sol–gel chemistry
• X-ray diffraction
• crystal structure