Comparison of active ingredients properties in callus culture of Zataria multiflora with native plant

Abstract

Recent studies show that the extraction of active ingredients from medicinal plants is subject to various parameters includes plant type, cultivation conditions and the extraction method. This research aimed to compare the callus cultivated of Zataria multiflora with its native plant. Thus, Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium were used to grow the plant in vitro and then the callus was obtained. Then a combined ultrasound-microwave method was applied to extract the chemical compounds of the native plant as well as its callus. Herein, extraction conditions were 20 min for ultrasound time, 350 watts for ultrasonic power, and 800 watts for microwave power. According to the results, the cultivated callus obtained from Zataria multiflora could not produce measurable amounts of oily compounds found in the native plant. Therefore, callus extracts were studied in terms of antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. The results of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis showed that the highest compositions for essential oil of the native plant were carvacrol (86.1%) and thymol (2.01%). Whereas, the major chemical compounds for callus extract were also carvacrol (71.65%) and thymol (11.25%). In addition, the study of antioxidant activity by DPPH method revealed that the callus has a weaker antioxidant activity than the native plant. Whereas, the results were opposite in the case of antimicrobial characteristics. To put it another way, callus did better in antimicrobial properties.

Keywords

• callus culture
• medicinal plants
• antioxidant
• lamiaceae
• antimicrobial