Constitutive Equation and Hot Processing Map of a Nitrogen-Bearing Martensitic Stainless Steel

Abstract

The hot deformation behavior of a nitrogen-bearing martensitic stainless steel was researched by the isothermal compression test in the temperature range of 950–1150 °C and strain rate range of 0.01–10 s−1 with a Gleeble-3800 thermal-mechanical simulating tester. A strain compensated sine-hyperbolic Arrhenius-type constitutive equation was developed to describe the relationship between true stress and deformation parameters such as temperature, strain rate and true strain. The hot deformation activation energy is calculated to be from 407 to 487 KJ mol−1. It is validated by the standard statistical parameters that the established constitutive equation can accurately predict the true stress. The processing maps at different true strains were constructed based on the dynamic material model (DMM) and the true stress data obtained from the hot compression tests. Two unstable regions which should be avoided during hot working were observed from the processing map. In addition, the optimum hot working parameters are located in the domain of 1000–1150 °C/0.1–1 s−1 with the peak power dissipation efficiency of 39.9%, in which complete dynamic recrystallization (DRX) occurs.

Keywords

• hot deformation behavior
• nitrogen-bearing martensitic stainless steel
• constitutive equation
• processing map