Callus-mediated biosynthesis of Ag and ZnO nanoparticles using aqueous callus extract of Cannabis sativa: Their cytotoxic potential and clinical potential against human pathogenic bacteria and fungi

Abstract

In this paper, we have presented the method of green synthesis of ZnO and Ag-NPs using the callus extract (CE) of medicinally important Cannabis sativa. The synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) was confirmed by UV-Vis spectroscopy, while as far as the size and shape of the NPs were concerned, they were validated using the techniques of X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. The energy dispersive X-ray analysis graph confirmed the constitution of elements along with the surface chemical state of NPs. Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy was utilized for the confirmation of biomolecules capping the NPs. In order to test the application of these biosynthesized NPs on biological entities, four bacterial strains, including Bacillus subtilis, Klebsiella pneumonia, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, were used. On the other hand, five fungal strains, namely Mucor, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger, and Fusarium solani, were utilized for antifungal assay. Cytotoxicity assay was also performed using the HepG2 cell line. The results showed considerable antibacterial and antifungal activities. It also showed better cytotoxicity values as compared to the control.

Keywords

• cannabis sativa
• callus extract
• green synthesis
• ag-nps
• zno-nps