Human Amniotic Membrane Extracellular Matrix-Derived Scaffold Modulates the Number of Mast Cells in the Granulation Tissue and Accelerates Skin Wound Healing in Diabetic Rats

Abstract

Background and purpose: One of the most complications of diabetes are chronic skin wounds. Recently Human Amniotic Membrane Scaffold (HAMS) used as a wound dressing. In this study, the impact of HAMS on the rate of wound closure and the number of mast cells in the granulation tissue of diabetic rats was evaluated. Materials and methods: 45 diabetic rats were divided into 3 groups: healthy wound, diabetic wound, and diabetic wound transplanted with HAMS. 30 days after diabetes induction via injecting 55mg/kg of Streptozotocin, a circular wound with a diameter of 15mm was created. HAMS was transplanted to the wound and the percentage of wound closure and the density of type 1, 2 and 3 mast cells in the granulation tissue were evaluated on days 7, 14 and 21. Results: HAMS transplantation significantly enhanced the wound closure compared to diabetic group (P<0.05). Comparing to healthy group, the number of all types of mast cells and their total number in diabetic group was significantly decreased on day 7 (P<0.001) and significantly increased on days 14 and 21 (P<0.001). However, these changes modulated in HAMS transplanted group, in which in all cases except for type 3 mast cell on day 7 there were significant differences compared to diabetic group (P<0.01). Moreover, in HAMS transplant group, the number of type 1 and 3 mast cells on day 14 reached the level of healthy group. Conclusion: These results suggested that HAMS improves the diabetic wound healing via modulating inflammatory reactions by affecting the mast cells density in the granulation tissue.

Keywords

• diabetic wound
• human amniotic membrane scaffold
• inflammation
• mast cell