Nature Communications (Nov 2023)

Mutation of key signaling regulators of cerebrovascular development in vein of Galen malformations

  • Shujuan Zhao,
  • Kedous Y. Mekbib,
  • Martijn A. van der Ent,
  • Garrett Allington,
  • Andrew Prendergast,
  • Jocelyn E. Chau,
  • Hannah Smith,
  • John Shohfi,
  • Jack Ocken,
  • Daniel Duran,
  • Charuta G. Furey,
  • Le Thi Hao,
  • Phan Q. Duy,
  • Benjamin C. Reeves,
  • Junhui Zhang,
  • Carol Nelson-Williams,
  • Di Chen,
  • Boyang Li,
  • Timothy Nottoli,
  • Suxia Bai,
  • Myron Rolle,
  • Xue Zeng,
  • Weilai Dong,
  • Po-Ying Fu,
  • Yung-Chun Wang,
  • Shrikant Mane,
  • Paulina Piwowarczyk,
  • Katie Pricola Fehnel,
  • Alfred Pokmeng See,
  • Bermans J. Iskandar,
  • Beverly Aagaard-Kienitz,
  • Quentin J. Moyer,
  • Evan Dennis,
  • Emre Kiziltug,
  • Adam J. Kundishora,
  • Tyrone DeSpenza,
  • Ana B. W. Greenberg,
  • Seblewengel M. Kidanemariam,
  • Andrew T. Hale,
  • James M. Johnston,
  • Eric M. Jackson,
  • Phillip B. Storm,
  • Shih-Shan Lang,
  • William E. Butler,
  • Bob S. Carter,
  • Paul Chapman,
  • Christopher J. Stapleton,
  • Aman B. Patel,
  • Georges Rodesch,
  • Stanislas Smajda,
  • Alejandro Berenstein,
  • Tanyeri Barak,
  • E. Zeynep Erson-Omay,
  • Hongyu Zhao,
  • Andres Moreno-De-Luca,
  • Mark R. Proctor,
  • Edward R. Smith,
  • Darren B. Orbach,
  • Seth L. Alper,
  • Stefania Nicoli,
  • Titus J. Boggon,
  • Richard P. Lifton,
  • Murat Gunel,
  • Philip D. King,
  • Sheng Chih Jin,
  • Kristopher T. Kahle

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-43062-z
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 14, no. 1
pp. 1 – 23

Abstract

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Abstract To elucidate the pathogenesis of vein of Galen malformations (VOGMs), the most common and most severe of congenital brain arteriovenous malformations, we performed an integrated analysis of 310 VOGM proband-family exomes and 336,326 human cerebrovasculature single-cell transcriptomes. We found the Ras suppressor p120 RasGAP (RASA1) harbored a genome-wide significant burden of loss-of-function de novo variants (2042.5-fold, p = 4.79 x 10−7). Rare, damaging transmitted variants were enriched in Ephrin receptor-B4 (EPHB4) (17.5-fold, p = 1.22 x 10−5), which cooperates with p120 RasGAP to regulate vascular development. Additional probands had damaging variants in ACVRL1, NOTCH1, ITGB1, and PTPN11. ACVRL1 variants were also identified in a multi-generational VOGM pedigree. Integrative genomic analysis defined developing endothelial cells as a likely spatio-temporal locus of VOGM pathophysiology. Mice expressing a VOGM-specific EPHB4 kinase-domain missense variant (Phe867Leu) exhibited disrupted developmental angiogenesis and impaired hierarchical development of arterial-capillary-venous networks, but only in the presence of a “second-hit” allele. These results illuminate human arterio-venous development and VOGM pathobiology and have implications for patients and their families.