Dietary kelp meal (Thallus laminariae) improves the immunity of hybrid snakeheads under ammonia stress

Zhiheng Zuo; Shaodan Wang; Bin Ye; Qiujie Wang; Dongjie Wang; Qiuping Wu; Guohuan Xu; Jixing Zou; Shaolin Xie; Guoxia Wang

Aquaculture Reports (Aug 2023)

Dietary kelp meal (Thallus laminariae) improves the immunity of hybrid snakeheads under ammonia stress

Zhiheng Zuo,
Shaodan Wang,
Bin Ye,
Qiujie Wang,
Dongjie Wang,
Qiuping Wu,
Guohuan Xu,
Jixing Zou,
Shaolin Xie,
Guoxia Wang

Affiliations

Zhiheng Zuo: Joint Laboratory of Guangdong province and Hong Kong region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
Shaodan Wang: Joint Laboratory of Guangdong province and Hong Kong region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
Bin Ye: Joint Laboratory of Guangdong province and Hong Kong region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
Qiujie Wang: Joint Laboratory of Guangdong province and Hong Kong region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
Dongjie Wang: Joint Laboratory of Guangdong province and Hong Kong region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
Qiuping Wu: Joint Laboratory of Guangdong province and Hong Kong region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
Guohuan Xu: State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
Jixing Zou: Joint Laboratory of Guangdong province and Hong Kong region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
Shaolin Xie: Joint Laboratory of Guangdong province and Hong Kong region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Correspondence to: College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, No. 483, Wushan Road, Wushan Street, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Guoxia Wang: Collaborative Innovation Center of Aquatic Sciences, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Correspondence to: Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 1, Dafeng Road, Wushan Street, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.

Journal volume & issue: Vol. 31
p. 101684

Abstract

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This study determined the effect of dietary kelp meal (KM) on metabolism of the hybrid snakeheads (Channa maculatus ♀ × Channa argus ♂), and the spatiotemporal changes in their resistance to ammonia stress, including survival rate, histopathology, biochemical parameters, and the expression of immune-related genes. The experimental diets contained: 0% KM, 5% KM, 10% KM, 15% KM, 15% KM + 5% binder. After eight weeks of feeding, six fish per diet were sampled for metabolic studies, and the remaining fish were placed under ammonia stress at two concentrations (1200 mg/L and 120 mg/L) for 48 h. Our results showed that replacing flour with kelp meal to the diet could alter the activities of some metabolic enzymes and reduced the lethality of hybrid snakeheads under high ammonia exposure. Histopathological results revealed a variety of pathological features in the liver after exposure to ammonia nitrogen. The levels of glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH), glutamine synthetase (GS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and malondialdehyde (MDA) showed the trend of first increasing and then decreasing with the decrease of the flour concentration in the diet under high concentration of ammonia stress. Besides, kidneys receive more severe oxidative damage than the liver. Similar results were found in the mRNA abundance of immune-related genes, and the kidney were mostly significantly down-regulated, but feeding moderate amounts of kelp meal can alleviate this damage. The transcriptome analysis showed that kelp meal can affect antigen processing and presentation process by the MHCⅠ signaling pathway mechanism, and thus regulate the immune response of hybrid snakeheads. Our study suggests that adding kelp meal in the diets could improve the ability of hybrid snakeheads to resist ammonia stress and the optimal replacement group is 10% KM group.

Published in Aquaculture Reports

ISSN: 2352-5134 (Online)
Publisher: Elsevier
Country of publisher: Netherlands
LCC subjects: Agriculture: Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling
Website: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/aquaculture-reports/

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