Clinical and Microbiological Characteristics of Mycobacterium kansasii Pulmonary Infections in China

Yinjuan Guo; Yanhua Cao; Haican Liu; Jinghui Yang; Weiping Wang; Bingjie Wang; Meilan Li; Fangyou Yu

doi:10.1128/spectrum.01475-21

Microbiology Spectrum (Feb 2022)

Clinical and Microbiological Characteristics of Mycobacterium kansasii Pulmonary Infections in China

Yinjuan Guo,
Yanhua Cao,
Haican Liu,
Jinghui Yang,
Weiping Wang,
Bingjie Wang,
Meilan Li,
Fangyou Yu

Affiliations

Yinjuan Guo: Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
Yanhua Cao: Department of Respiratory Intensive Care Unit, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
Haican Liu: State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
Jinghui Yang: Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
Weiping Wang: Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
Bingjie Wang: Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
Meilan Li: Department of Respiratory Intensive Care Unit, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
Fangyou Yu: Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.01475-21
Journal volume & issue: Vol. 10, no. 1

Abstract

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ABSTRACT Mycobacterium kansasii, an important opportunistic pathogen of humans, causes serious pulmonary disease. Sixty M. kansasii isolates were collected for investigating the clinical characteristics of patients with M. kansasii infections as well as drug susceptibility and genotypes of M. kansasii. More than 90% of the patients infected with M. kansasii were from eastern China. According to the internal transcribed spacers (ITS), rpoB, hsp65, and tuf, all M. kansasii isolates were classified as molecular type I, irrespective of the disease manifestation. Sixty M. kansasii isolates from China were diverse and separated into four branches. Pairwise average nucleotide identity (ANI) values for M. kansasii isolates affiliated with different genotypes were more than 85%. The earliest isolate was isolated from Jiangsu in 1983. Of the isolates, 78.3% (47/60) were isolated since 1999. All isolates were sensitive to rifabutin. All but one isolate was sensitive to clarithromycin. Sensitivity rates to rifampin, amikacin, moxifloxacin, and linezolid were 80.0%, 90.0%, 88.3%, and 91.7%, respectively. A high rate of resistance was noted for ciprofloxacin (44 isolates, 73.3%) and ethambutol (46 isolates, 76.7%). Compared with M. tuberculosis H37Rv, 12 mutations of embCA were observed in all M. kansasii isolates. All these 60 M. kansasii isolates shared identical sequences of rpoB, inhA, katG, rrl, rrs, rpsL, gyrA, and gyrB. In conclusion, M. kansasii isolates are exhibiting greater genetic diversity globally. The resistance mechanism of M. kansasii is not necessarily related to gene mutation. IMPORTANCE M. kansasii type I is the main genotype spreading worldwide. The molecular history of the global spread of type I isolates remains largely unclear. We conducted a detailed analysis of genomic evolution of global M. kansasii isolates. Our results suggest that M. kansasii isolates exhibit greater genetic diversity globally.

Published in Microbiology Spectrum

ISSN: 2165-0497 (Online)
Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
Country of publisher: United States
LCC subjects: Science: Microbiology
Website: https://journals.asm.org/journal/spectrum

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