The Effects of Listening to Music Embedded Binaural Beats on Anxiety Levels and Pain Scores in Male Patients Undergoing Prostate Biopsy: A Randomized Placebo-controlled Study

Abstract

Objective:To investigate the effects of binaural beats (BB) embedded with music on pain and anxiety scores in patients who underwent transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy with the suspicion of prostate cancer under local anesthesia.Materials and Methods:This was a prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled study. Patients were divided into three groups; binaural beat group (BBG), music group (MG), and control group (CG). Anxiety assessment was made with the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) form. The initial anxiety scores of the patients were recorded as STAI initial (STAI-I) before the procedure. Post-procedure anxiety scores of the patients were recorded as STAI-T terminal (STAI-T). The difference between STAI-I and STAI-T was recorded as STAI delta (STAI-D). A visual analog scale (VAS) was used for post-procedural pain scores. Demographic data, STAI-I, STAI-T, STAI-D, and VAS scores were compared.Results:A total of 270 patients who met the study criteria, 90 in each group, were included in the study. When STAI-T and STAI-D were evaluated, there was a significant decrease in BBG and MG compared with CG. When the VAS during the procedure was evaluated, there was a significant difference between the BBG, MG, and CG groups. When the BBG vs MG, BBG vs CG, and BBG and MG groups were compared separately in terms of VAS, p<0.001, p<0.001 and p=0.04, respectively.Conclusion:As a result, music embedded BB may be an effective, safe, well-tolerated and inexpensive method in reducing anxiety and pain scores in male patients who will undergo prostate biopsy.

Keywords

• biopsy
• prostate
• anxiety
• binaural beats
• pain