Patient Preference and Adherence (Apr 2023)
Cognitive and Emotional Motivation to Explain Infection-Prevention Behaviors with Social Support as a Mediator During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study in Korea
Abstract
Myonghwa Park,1 Keunyeob Oh,2 Hyungjun Kim,3 Xing Fan,1,4 Thi-Thanh-Thnh Giap,1,5 Rhayun Song1 1College of Nursing, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea; 2College of Economics and Management, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea; 3School of Business, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea; 4College of Medicine, Lishui University, Lishui, People’s Republic of China; 5College of Health Sciences, VinUniversity, Hanoi, VietnamCorrespondence: Rhayun Song, College of Nursing, Chungnam National University, Munwha-ro 266, Jung-Gu, Daejeon, 35015, South Korea, Tel +82-42-580-8331, Fax +82-42-580-8309, Email [email protected] Xing Fan, College of Nursing, Chungnam National University, Munwha-ro 266, Jung-Gu, Daejeon, 35015, South Korea, Tel +82-42-580-8331, Fax +82-42-580-8309, Email [email protected]: To predict the performance of infection-prevention behaviors among adults in Korea based on the health belief model, using social support as a mediator.Patients and Methods: A nationwide cross-sectional survey of 700 participants from the local community was conducted using both online and offline methods from 8 metropolitan cities and 9 provinces in Korea from November 2021 to March 2022. The questionnaire was composed of 4 sections: demographic information, motivational factors for behavior change, social support, and infection-prevention behaviors. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling with the AMOS program. The general least-squares method was applied to assess the fit of the model and the bootstrapping method was tested for indirect effect and the total effect.Results: Motivation factors that directly affected infection-prevention behaviors were self-efficacy (γ=0.58, p< 0.001), perceived barriers (γ=– .08, p=0.004), perceived benefits (γ=0.10, p=0.002), perceived threats (γ=0.08, p=0.009), and social support (γ=0.13, p< 0.001), after controlling for related demographic variables. Cognitive and emotional motivation factors together explained 59% of the variance in infection-prevention behaviors. Social support exerted significant mediating effects between each cognitive and emotional motivation variable and infection-prevention behaviors, along with a significant direct effect on infection-prevention behaviors (γ=0.12, p< 0.001).Conclusion: The engagement of prevention behaviors among community-dwelling adults was influenced by their self-efficacy, perceived barriers, perceived benefits, and perceived threats with social support as a mediator. Prevention policy approaches could include providing specific information to improve self-efficacy and build awareness of the severity of the disease while establishing a supportive social environment for promoting health behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic.Keywords: COVID-19, health belief model, prevention behavior, motivation factor, social support
