Early Prediction of Placenta Accreta Spectrum by Different Modalities: An Evidenced-based Analysis

Abstract

Objective: Early prediction of placenta accreta is crucial for proper decision making, proper preoperative preparation and proper planning for the best management. To review published data and extract strong evidence about early prediction of placenta accreta spectrum (PAS). Mechanism: Published data were extracted from trusted search engines and literature databases, such as Google Scholar, Cochrane library, Clinical Key, PubMed, Researchgate, and Medline, in the period from 1 January 2000 to 31 August 2023. Revision of collected data was conducted by the 3 authors and final results were gathered. Findings in Brief: Many articles were found addressing prediction of PAS but the vast majority of these articles were in the late second and third trimesters. Prediction of PAS in early pregnancy was addressed by few articles which were analyzed in this research. In this study, evidence-based analysis found that PAS could be predicted by many modalities. Conclusions: Early prediction of PAS allows good preparation of both patient and obstetrician to conduct the best management with minimal complications. PAS could be predicted early by either clinical risk factor, imaging in early pregnancy or by biomarkers.

Keywords

• pas
• placenta accreta
• prediction
• biomarkers
• ultrasound markers