The Importance of Fecal Transplantation in Personalized Medicine

Abstract

It is known that intestinal microbiota feeding habits in healthy humans have a direct effect on the formation of intestinal microbiota, while simultaneously playing the most important role in the development of the immune system. Our aim in this study was to investigate the effectiveness of this treatment method. Although there is no consensus on how to prepare a fecal transplantation material, the “Amsterdam protocol” is the most prevalent. The solution prepared according to this protocol is suspended using a filter or steel strainer to remove particles. These suspensions are used by injectors. Different diluent materials have been used in various studies, and it is recommended to use non-bacteriostatic 0.9% saline solution.Fecal transplantation was successfully applied to cases of subjects between 2 and 90 years of age when the work done up to these days was examined. The most common indication in childhood and geriatric population is pseudomembranous enterocolitis; inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome, chronic diarrhea/constipation, solitary rectal ulcer, and other chronic colon ulcers are associated with the gastrointestinal tract in adulthood. Studies demonstrating the efficacy of fecal transplantation are often focused on the treatment of Clostridium difficile infection, which is resistant to treatment or recurrence. Successful results obtained inspired many of the studies that followed fecal transplantation, and now fecal transplantation has been started to treat many diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease, irritable colon syndrome, chronic constipation, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, especially pseudomembranous enterocolitis due to C. difficile. If we think that our microbiota is a person-specific organ such as a fingerprint or eye retina, treatment of microbiota diseases will automatically differ from person to person. However, all characteristics such as age, donor selection, post-transplantation process management, environmental factors, especially the diseases that recipients and donors carry, amount of drug given during preparation process, and content of the material to be transplanted show how individualized treatment of fecal transplantation is.

Keywords

• Personalized medicine
• fecal transplantation
• neurodegenerative diseases