The Astronomical Journal (Jan 2024)
Orbital and Atmospheric Characterization of the 1RXS J034231.8+121622 System using High-resolution Spectroscopy Confirms that the Companion is a Low-mass Star
- Clarissa R. Do Ó,
- Ben Sappey,
- Quinn M. Konopacky,
- Jean-Baptiste Ruffio,
- Kelly K. O’Neil,
- Tuan Do,
- Gregory Martinez,
- Travis S. Barman,
- Jayke S. Nguyen,
- Jerry W. Xuan,
- Christopher A. Theissen,
- Sarah Blunt,
- William Thompson,
- Chih-Chun Hsu,
- Ashley Baker,
- Randall Bartos,
- Geoffrey A. Blake,
- Benjamin Calvin,
- Sylvain Cetre,
- Jacques-Robert Delorme,
- Greg Doppmann,
- Daniel Echeverri,
- Luke Finnerty,
- Michael P. Fitzgerald,
- Julie Inglis,
- Nemanja Jovanovic,
- Ronald A. López,
- Dimitri Mawet,
- Evan Morris,
- Jacklyn Pezzato,
- Tobias Schofield,
- Andrew Skemer,
- J. Kent Wallace,
- Jason J. Wang,
- Ji Wang,
- Joshua Liberman
Affiliations
- Clarissa R. Do Ó
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, University of California , San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Ben Sappey
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, University of California , San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Quinn M. Konopacky
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California , San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Jean-Baptiste Ruffio
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California , San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Kelly K. O’Neil
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, University of Nevada, Reno , Reno, NV 89557, USA
- Tuan Do
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, 430 Portola Plaza, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Gregory Martinez
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, 430 Portola Plaza, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Travis S. Barman
- ORCiD
- Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona , Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
- Jayke S. Nguyen
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California , San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Jerry W. Xuan
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- Christopher A. Theissen
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California , San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Sarah Blunt
- ORCiD
- Center for Interdisciplinary Exploration and Research in Astrophysics (CIERA) and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University , Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- William Thompson
- ORCiD
- National Research Council of Canada Herzberg , 5071 West Saanich Rd., Victoria, BC, V9E 2E7, Canada
- Chih-Chun Hsu
- ORCiD
- Center for Interdisciplinary Exploration and Research in Astrophysics (CIERA) and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University , Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Ashley Baker
- Department of Astronomy, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- Randall Bartos
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology , 4800 Oak Grove Dr., Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
- Geoffrey A. Blake
- ORCiD
- Division of Geological & Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- Benjamin Calvin
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, 430 Portola Plaza, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Astronomy, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- Sylvain Cetre
- W. M. Keck Observatory , 65-1120 Mamalahoa Hwy., Kamuela, HI, USA
- Jacques-Robert Delorme
- ORCiD
- W. M. Keck Observatory , 65-1120 Mamalahoa Hwy., Kamuela, HI, USA
- Greg Doppmann
- W. M. Keck Observatory , 65-1120 Mamalahoa Hwy., Kamuela, HI, USA
- Daniel Echeverri
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- Luke Finnerty
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, 430 Portola Plaza, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Michael P. Fitzgerald
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, 430 Portola Plaza, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Julie Inglis
- ORCiD
- Division of Geological & Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- Nemanja Jovanovic
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- Ronald A. López
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, 430 Portola Plaza, University of California , Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Dimitri Mawet
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology , 4800 Oak Grove Dr., Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
- Evan Morris
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics, University of California , Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
- Jacklyn Pezzato
- Department of Astronomy, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- Tobias Schofield
- Department of Astronomy, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- Andrew Skemer
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics, University of California , Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
- J. Kent Wallace
- ORCiD
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology , 4800 Oak Grove Dr., Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
- Jason J. Wang
- ORCiD
- Center for Interdisciplinary Exploration and Research in Astrophysics (CIERA) and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University , Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Ji Wang
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, The Ohio State University , 100 W 18th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Joshua Liberman
- ORCiD
- James C. Wyant College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona , Meinel Building 1630 E. University Blvd., Tucson, AZ. 85721, USA
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ad3df3
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 167,
no. 6
p. 278
Abstract
The 1RXS J034231.8+121622 system consists of an M dwarf primary and a directly imaged low-mass stellar companion. We use high-resolution spectroscopic data from Keck/KPIC to estimate the objects' atmospheric parameters and radial velocities (RVs). Using PHOENIX stellar models, we find that the primary has a temperature of 3460 ± 50 K and a metallicity of 0.16 ± 0.04, while the secondary has a temperature of 2510 ± 50 K and a metallicity of ${0.13}_{-0.11}^{+0.12}$ . Recent work suggests this system is associated with the Hyades, giving it an older age than previous estimates. Both metallicities agree with current Hyades [Fe/H] measurements (0.11–0.21). Using stellar evolutionary models, we obtain significantly higher masses for the objects, 0.30 ± 0.15 M _⊙ and 0.08 ± 0.01 M _⊙ (84 ± 11 M _Jup ), respectively. Using the RVs and a new astrometry point from Keck/NIRC2, we find that the system is likely an edge-on, moderately eccentric ( ${0.41}_{-0.08}^{+0.27}$ ) configuration. We also estimate the C/O ratio of both objects using custom grid models, obtaining 0.42 ± 0.10 (primary) and 0.55 ± 0.10 (companion). From these results, we confirm that this system most likely went through a binary star formation process in the Hyades. The significant changes in this system's parameters since its discovery highlight the importance of high-resolution spectroscopy for both orbital and atmospheric characterization of directly imaged companions.
Keywords
- Brown dwarfs
- Direct imaging
- High resolution spectroscopy
- Exoplanets
- Binary stars
- Orbit determination
