The State and the Ways of Modernization of the Agricultural Landscapes in the Danubian Region of Ukraine

Abstract

The article deals with the consequences of global climatic changes on the state of Ukrainian Danube region agrolandscapes. The influence of weather climatic conditions on change of water balance of the regional ecological systems was studied by definition of three main indicators: evaporability, deficiency of water consumption and moistening coefficient. Experimental information was given according to supervision of Danube Hydrometeorological Observatory (Izmail, Ukraine). In comparison with the statistics of weather conditions for 1961-1990 and 1991-2000 the climatic situation in 2001-2012 testifies to significant increase in an evaporability (19, 5 %) and deficiency of water consumption of the soil (41, 9 %). As a result some changes of agrolandscapes were noticed in the region, connected with mass emergence of weeds, which are atypical for the region: Ambrosia artemisifolia L. Lactuca tatarica L, Anisantha tectorum Nevski, Cyclachaena Xantifolia L. etc. Due to the high competitive capacity of weed plants, they began to occupy in the cultivated cultural plants a dominant position that led to decrease of fertility of soils and crops. Thus agrolandscapes traditionally created on arable lands became now unstable and are in great need in their arrangement.

Keywords

• agrolandscapes
• climatic conditions
• deficiency of water
• weeds
• arrangement