Suberoylanilide Hydroxamic Acid (SAHA) Reduces Glutamate-Induced Oxidative Stress in Hippocampal Cells

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Glutamate is an essential excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain, causing neuronal cell loss by overactivation in high concentrations. Suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) is a well-known histone deacetylase inhibitor for its antitumor and anti-inflammatory properties. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effect of SAHA against glutamate-induced oxidative stress in HT-22 hippocampal cells. METHODS: Cell viability was determined by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay after administration of glutamate and SAHA to HT-22 cells. The neuroprotective effect of SAHA was evaluated by measuring the oxidative stress parameters like reduced glutathione (GSH) level, and antioxidant enzyme activities of glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione peroxide (GPx) by Enzyme-like immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS: SAHA has reduced glutamate-induced neuron death in HT-22 cells. Moreover, SAHA alleviated glutamate-induced oxidative stress by increasing GSH levels, and the activities of the antioxidant enzymes GR and GPx. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: These results demonstrated that SAHA has antioxidant activity, reduces glutamate-induced oxidative stress, and confers protection against glutamate-induced neuronal death.

Keywords

• oxidative stress
• glutamate
• neurons
• neuroprotection