Zhipu Xuebao (Nov 2024)
Analysis of Ginsenosides Rb1 and Rg1 Digestion Products in vitro Based on UHPLC-TSQ MS
Abstract
A method of ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UHPLC-TSQ MS) was used to study the products of protopanaxadiol ginsenoside Rb1 and protopanaxatriol ginsenoside Rg1 in simulated digestion solution in vitro for researching the digestion characteristics of ginsenoside. The resullt showed that ginsenoside Rd, Rg3, Rg5, and Rk1 are found in the digestion products of ginsenoside Rb1. In addition, ginsenoside F2 is found in the simulated intestinal juice, suggesting that it is the peculiar degradation product. Therefore, the degradation pathways of ginsenoside Rb1 are as follows: ginsenoside Rb1→ginsenoside Rd→insenoside Rg3→ginsenoside Rg5/Rk1，ginsenoside Rb1→ginsenoside Rd→ginsenoside F2. In the digestive fluids of Rg1, both F1 and Rh1 are identified. The degradation pathways of ginsenoside Rg1 are determined to be: ginsenoside Rg1→ginsenoside F1 and ginsenoside Rg1→ginsenoside Rh1. The results showed that the contents of degradation products in simulated saliva, simulated gastric juice and simulated intestinal juice change with the digestion time. The digestion products ginsenoside Rd, Rg3, Rg5 and Rk1 of ginsenoside Rb1 are the highest after 2-6 h of simulated gastric juice digestion. Ginsenoside F2 is only produced in simulated intestinal juice to digest, in simulated intestinal juice to digest after 4 h content to the maximum. In simulated intestinal fluid, the degradation products of ginsenosides Rb1 and Rg1 are the highest at 4-6 h of digestion. Ginsenoside Rg1 is degraded in the mock digest to generate F1 and Rh1. Degradation products in simulated saliva, gastric juice and intestinal juice content gradually increased, in simulated gastric juice to digest its content reached the highest after 2 h. The degradation of ginsenosides in simulated saliva is milder compared to simulated gastric juice and simulated intestinal juice. However, the degradation products in simulated gastric juice are more abundant than in simulated intestinal juice. In the process of digestion, ginsenoside Rg1 degrades more easily than Rb1. Ginsenosides Rg1 and Rb1 are hydrolyzed in the digestive tract to produce a variety of small molecular saponins, which provide an important chemical and biological basis for the development and utilization of ginsenosides.
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