Anisotropic behavior of excitons in single-crystal α-SnS

Abstract

We investigate analytically the anisotropic dielectric properties of single-crystal α-SnS near the fundamental absorption edge by considering atomic orbitals. Most striking is the excitonic feature in the armchair- (b-) axis direction, which is particularly prominent at low temperatures. To determine the origin of this anisotropy, we perform first-principles calculations using the GW0 Bethe–Salpeter equation including the electron–hole interaction. The results show that the anisotropic dielectric characteristics are a direct result of the natural anisotropy of p orbitals. In particular, this dominant excitonic feature originates from the py orbital at the saddle point in the Γ–Y region.