Predicting Significance of Blood Parameters in Diagnosis of Prostate Carcinoma in a Tertiary Centre in Udaipur, Rajasthan

Abstract

Introduction: In development of cancer chronic inflammation plays a major role. Most established determinants of Prostate Carcinoma (PCa) are modern lifestyle, genetics, and age. In the first prostate biopsy, approximately 1 out of 5 men i.e., 20% with PCa may be misdiagnosed. Therefore, there is clear requirement of novel markers, which can detect both clinically significant PCa, and prevent unnecessary biopsy. Some solid tumours found to have association of Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), Platelet to Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR) and Red cell Distribution Width (RDW). Aim: To study the significance of association of Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA), PLR, NLR and RDW with PCa. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted using the cross-sectional method in the Department of Pathology, Geetanjali Medical College and Hospital, Udaipur, Rajasthan between January 2018 to November 2020. In this cross-sectional study, 84 patients who underwent Trans Rectal Ultrasound (TRUS) guided prostate biopsy were included. Complete Blood Count (CBC) was used to determine PLR, NLR and RDW and biochemical test for PSA. Patients were divided into two groups; having benign and malignant pathology. Unpaired t-test, Mannwhitney U test, logistic regression analysis and correlation were performed for statistical analysis. Results: With the use of univariate logistic regression, association between PSA, NLR, PLR, RDW values and PCa detection was determined. Serum PSA was significantly more in the PCa group (as BPH and prostatitis are both benign conditions so are kept in non-PCa group) compared to other two groups (p<0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in NLR, PLR and RDW values (p=0.150, p=0.070. p=0.441, respectively was found in non-PCa and PCa group). Conclusion: PSA has statistically significant association with PCa group but PLR, NLR and RDW was not considered to be the significant predictor in benign as well as malignant group.

Keywords

• benign prostatic hyperplasia
• biopsy
• prostatitis