Efficacy of different Neem Azadirachta indica organic extracts on mosquitoes Anopheles arabiensis Patton

Abstract

Laboratory experiments were carried out at the National Malaria Centre, Sinnar State-Sudan, to evaluate the effects of organic extracts of leaves and seed kernels of neem Azadirachta indica A.juss. against larvae and adults of the main malaria vector in Sudan Anopheles arabiensis Patton. Larvicidal activity, oviposition deterrency, and adult mortality after 24 hours exposure were measured according to the WHO standards, using ethanol and hexane extracts of the mentioned neem parts. Results indicated that all tested extracts exhibit larvicidal properties against Anopheles arabiensis mosquito. However, the seed hexane extract was superior to other ones, depicting minimum LC50 of 1998 mgℓ-1. Oviposition deterrency to Anopheles adult was noticed from all tested extracts, with their different concentrations. Meanwhile the extracts showed negligible insecticidal characteristics to the tested mosquito. It can be concluded from the present investigation, that the tested neem extracts could be compatible to be applied with other conventional biological measures used in malaria vector control program after field verifications. Keeping in view the great concern raised about vector resistance and environmental hazards of conventional insecticides.

Keywords

• Azadirachta indica
• mosquito
• Oviposition deterrency
• Larvicides
• Anopheles arabiensis