Фармацевтичний журнал (Feb 2022)
Analysis of the epidemiological state of mental disorders and pharmaceutical provision of patients with medicines by the government of Ukraine
Abstract
The number of patients with mental disorders is growing every year, which has a significant impact on the increase in cases of disability and loss of one of the five years of healthy life. In Ukraine, the incidence of depressive disorders and disorders caused by alcohol consumption exceeds that of Eastern Europe. The COVID-2019 global pandemic has affected the rapid spread of new cases of depressive disorders (53.2 million or 27.6%) and anxiety disorders (76.2 million or 25.6%) in 2020. These trends in Ukraine and the world have led to changes in the formation and implementation of the National Mental Health Policy, as most disorders are successfully treated with access to medicine and availability of medicines for patients. The aim of the work was to assess the current state of morbidity and prevalence of mental disorders in Ukraine and the world, as well as to analyse the access of medicines for patients according to current government programs. The objectі of the study were the data of the Center for Mental Health and Monitoring of Drugs and Alcohol of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, regulations documents, analytical reports, international websites. The study used methods of analysis, systematization, generalization, analytical and graphical. The study found an annual increase in outpatient mental health care and a sharp decline in inpatient and day care. Depressive disorders show a growth trend of 6.25% in Ukraine for the period 2018–2020, for comparison – only in 2020 in the world such growth was 27.6%. Analysis of medical practice shows that most mental disorders are not diagnosed as special cases, and are treated as concomitant diseases, which significantly affects the incidence and prevalence and as a consequence of the formation of government programs to provide patients with vital medicines in outpatient treatment. The provision of drugs to patients on an outpatient basis today occurs according to the list of diseases defined by the Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine No. 1303. Since October 1, the program of reimbursement of medicine for 9 INN has been expanded, which allowed patients with mental disorders to receive medicines free of charge or with a surcharge, without reference to their location. The study revealed negative trends in the incidence and prevalence of mental disorders in Ukraine as a whole and in regions compared to similar indicators in the world, as well as identify key issues affecting the formation of government programs to provide patients with basic medicines.
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