Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity (Jun 2023)
Prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes in Mongolia: Results from Population-Based Survey Compared with 1999 Study
Abstract
Angarmurun Dayan,1,* Ryenchindorj Erkhembayar,2 Oyunbileg Luvsandavaajav,3 Yerkyebulan Mukhtar,1 Bolormaa Enkhtuvshin,4 Bayasgalan Tumenbayar5,* 1Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia; 2Department of International Cyber Education, Graduate School, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia; 3Center for Health Development, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia; 4Intermed Hospital, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia; 5Postgraduate Training Institute, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Bayasgalan Tumenbayar, Postgraduate Training Institute, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, S.Zorig Street, Sukhbaatar District, 1st Khoroo, Ulaanbaatar, 14210, Mongolia, Tel +976 96664800, Email [email protected]: The burden of diabetes in Mongolia has risen tremendously over the last three decades, and an individually tracked, national registry of diabetes is lacking. Therefore, we aim to investigate diabetes prevalence in Mongolia and analyze some associated factors.Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional, nationally representative, population-based survey was carried out in Mongolia. We recruited participants from randomly selected six different clusters for the required 3113 ± 311 sample size. We collected detailed demographics, diabetes condition and medications, anthropometric measurements, body composition, and glucose profiles. Oral glucose tolerance tests were used to diagnose diabetes using the International Diabetes Federation algorithm. Chi-square and multinomial logistic regression tests were used to determine associated factors. Age-standardized prevalence rates were estimated.Results: We recruited 3272 participants in the study between June and October 2019. Crude prevalence rates for prediabetes and diabetes were 10.8% (95% CI; 9.8– 11.9) and 11.2% (95% CI; 10.1– 12.3), respectively. Sixty-one adults were newly diagnosed with diabetes. Age-standardized prediabetes and diabetes prevalence rates were 9.8% (95% CI; 8.5– 11.1) and 10.0% (95% CI; 8.7– 11.3) among adults 30 or older. Higher BMI, central obesity, diabetes inheritance, sedentary habitus, and hypertension are significantly associated with diabetes in adjusted analysis for sex and age group.Conclusion: The prevalence of diabetes has increased at least threefold since 1999 in Mongolia. In addition, numerous modifiable risk factors were associated with diabetes. Therefore, future investigations and programs should focus on combating obesity and sedentary lifestyles and propose dietary recommendations in the context of expanding diabetes in Mongolia.Keywords: Mongolia, diabetes mellitus, prevalence, cross-sectional studies, glucose intolerance
