Journal of Nanobiotechnology (Apr 2024)

Intranasal delivery of phenytoin loaded layered double hydroxide nanoparticles improves therapeutic effect on epileptic seizures

  • Jingxin Zhang,
  • Huali Zuo,
  • Yanlu Fu,
  • Yina Cao,
  • Qiwei Li,
  • Qi Zhang,
  • Yuyi Zheng,
  • Yi Wang,
  • Di Wu,
  • Weiyu Chen,
  • Jiajia Fang

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12951-024-02405-8
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 22, no. 1
pp. 1 – 14

Abstract

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Abstract Improving the efficiency of antiseizure medication entering the brain is the key to reducing its peripheral toxicity. A combination of intranasal administration and nanomedicine presents a practical approach for treating epileptic seizures via bypassing the blood-brain barrier. In this study, phenytoin (PHT) loaded layered double hydroxide nanoparticles (BSA-LDHs-PHT) were fabricated via a coprecipitation − hydrothermal method for epileptic seizure control. In this study, we expound on the preparation method and characterization of BSA-LDHs-PHT. In-vitro drug release experiment shows both rapid and continuous drug release from BSA-LDHs-PHT, which is crucial for acute seizure control and chronic epilepsy therapy. In-vivo biodistribution assays after intranasal administration indicate excellent brain targeting ability of BSA-LDHs. Compared to BSA-Cyanine5.5, BSA-LDHs-Cyanine5.5 were associated with a higher brain/peripheral ratio across all tested time points. Following intranasal delivery with small doses of BSA-LDHs-PHT, the latency of seizures in the pentylenetetrazole-induced mouse models was effectively improved. Collectively, the present study successfully designed and applied BSA-LDHs-PHT as a promising strategy for treating epileptic seizures with an enhanced therapeutic effect.

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