Diabetes Mellitus and Oral Health Status: A Case-Control Study in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Bangladesh

Abstract

Introduction: Diabetes is a long-lasting, inflammation-related metabolic disorder which is diagnosed by hyperglycemia. Increased blood glucose level adversely impacts the inflammatory response to periodontium leading to more severe gingivitis and periodontitis. Therefore, periodontitis and diabetes reciprocally and adversely affect each other. Objective: To assess and compare the oral health condition of Diabetic and non-Diabetic periodontitis patients. Method: A non-experimental case control study was conducted among 100 diabetic and 100 non-diabetic periodontitis patients. The control group was matched by age and gender. The study was conducted for a period of ten months. A cheek list was prepared to generate the caries and CPITN index (Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs) index. Result: The prevalence of dental caries scored at least one was relatively more in non-diabetics (88%) than in diabetics (65%). However, the periodontal diseases (pyorrhea) prevalence was more in diabetic periodontitis patients (97%) in compared to non-diabetics (53%). The odds ratio for CPITN Index indicated that the periodontitis patients who had diabetes were about 111.6 times (OR = 111.6, 95% CI 14.9- 832.02) more likely to have sub- gingival pocket more than 6mm in depth. Conclusion: Diabetes is an important health care problem. The evidence suggests that oral health care providers can have a significant, effective and positive effect on the oral and general health of patients with diabetes mellitus. Update Dent. Coll. j: 2024; 14(1):10-14

Keywords

• Diabetes Mellitus
• Oral Health Status
• Case Control study
• tertiary care hospital