Linear ion-trap MSn with high-resolution MS reveals structural diversity of 1-O-acylceramide family in mouse epidermis

Abstract

1-O-acylceramide is a new class of epidermal cer­amide (Cer) found in humans and mice. Here, we report an ESI linear ion-trap (LIT) multiple-stage MS (MSn) approach with high resolution toward structural characterization of this lipid family isolated from mice. Molecular species desorbed as the [M + H]+ ions were subjected to LIT MS2 to yield predominately the [M + H − H2O]+ ions, followed by MS3 to cleave the 1-O-acyl residue to yield the [M + H − H2O − (1-O-FA)]+ ions. The structures of the N-acyl chain and long-chain base (LCB) of the molecule were determined by MS4 on [M + H − H2O − (1-O-FA)]+ ions that yielded multiple sets of specific ions. Using this approach, isomers varied in the 1-O-acyl (from 14:0- to 30:0-O-acyl) and N-acyl chains (from 14:0- to 34:1-N-acyl) with 18:1-sphingosine as the major LCB were found for the entire family. Minor isomers consisting of 16:1-, 17:1-, 18:2-, and 19:1-sphingosine LCBs with odd fatty acyl chain or with monounsaturated N- or O-fatty acyl substituents were also identified. An estimation of more than 700 1-O-acylceramide species, largely isobaric isomers, are present, underscoring the complexity of this Cer family.

Keywords

• skin ceramide
• lipidomics
• multiple-stage tandem mass spectrometry
• electrospray ionization
• higher collision energy dissociation
• sphingolipid